English Vocabulary and Grammar Review Flashcards

Flashcards covering key English vocabulary words, Polish translations, grammar rules, and continuous actions based on the lecture notes.

Dream Holiday House

A big and expensive house in Bali featuring two bedrooms, two bathrooms, a kitchen, a hall, a living room, a cinema, a pool, a big garden, and AC.

Present Continuous Picture Actions

Illustrations depicting ongoing activities: a dog sleeping, a boy eating a burger, a man drinking, a little boy writing, a girl reading a book, and a fox singing.

To snore

Chrapać; to breathe loudly while sleeping.

To look at

Patrzeć na; to direct one's gaze toward something.

Empty

Pusty; containing nothing or having no occupants.

Almost

Prawie; nearly or not quite.

Charades

Kalambury; a game in which words or phrases are acted out without speaking.

Some-

A prefix used for indefinite pronouns in affirmative/positive sentences (e.g., someone, somebody).

Any-

A prefix used for indefinite pronouns in questions and negative sentences (e.g., anyone, anybody).

No-

A prefix used for indefinite pronouns indicating an absence or lack of something (e.g., no one, nobody).

Every-

A prefix used for indefinite pronouns referring to all people or items in a group (e.g., everyone, everybody).

Indefinite Articles Rule (a / an)

Used before singular countable nouns (e.g., a kitchen, a pool), but omitted before plural nouns (e.g., two bedrooms).

Island Location Preposition Rule

The preposition 'in' is used when referring to an island as a location or region (e.g., 'in Bali').

Third-Person Singular 'Have' Rule

In Present Simple, 'has' is used instead of 'have' for third-person singular subjects (e.g., 'The house has AC').

Present Simple Routine Rule

Never add the -ing ending to verbs when describing permanent, routine habits or facts.

Past Simple Question Rule

Use the auxiliary verb 'DID' when asking questions about past events (e.g., 'What did you do on vacation?').

Past Simple Affirmative Rule

In affirmative past simple sentences, change the verb to its past form (e.g., GO becomes WENT, VISIT becomes VISITED).

Adjective Opposites: Cheap / Expensive

Cheap means low in price, whereas expensive means costing a lot of money.

Adjective Opposites: Strong / Weak

Strong means having power or strength, whereas weak means lacking power or strength.

Adjective Opposites: Boring / Interesting

Boring means unexciting or dull, whereas interesting means engaging and holding attention.

Adjective Opposites: Quiet / Loud, Noisy

Quiet means making little to no sound, whereas loud or noisy means making a lot of noise.

Adjective Opposites: Easy / Difficult, Hard

Easy means requiring little effort, whereas difficult or hard means requiring great effort or skill.

Adjective Opposites: Friendly / Mean

Friendly means kind and pleasant, whereas mean means unkind or spiteful.