DH Theory Exam 2

What is in the oral cavity

1. teeth

2. epithelium/mucosa

3. periodontium

   1. gingiva

      1. free

      2. attatched

      3. interdental

   2. attatched apparatus

      1. alveolar bone

      2. periodontal ligament

      3. cementum

Clinical crown

part of tooth above attatched gingiva (what you see)

Clinical root

part of tooth below attatched gingiva (what you dont see)

Anatomic crown

part of tooth covered by enamel

Anatomic root

part of tooth covered by cementum

epithelium

ouside sulcus: oral epithelium a keratinized stratified squamous epithelium and non-keratinized epithelium line such as lining mucosa (this is area we can see)

Inside sulcus: sulcular epithelium not keratinized (this is area we probe)

Sulcular epithelium

• non keratinized

• apical portion of sulcus is also coronal portion of attatched gingiva

• crevicular fluid is serum like. Rare to see this fluid in health. Increases w/ inflammation

Junctional epithelium

cuff like band or stratified squamous epithelium, completely encircles tooth like a turtle neck shirt - not keratinized

• attatchment to tooth suface: provides seal at base of sulcus

• thickest at coronal end thinnest at apical end

  • position in relation to crest of alveolar bone: fro BASE of attatchment to CREST of alveolar bone 1.5 -2 mm

Col

depression between lingual/palatal and facial papilla that conforms to proximal area

• non keratinized

• most perio infection begins at col because its a hard to reach area where bacteria and food can settle

What is masticatory epithelium, what sufaces they cover, and keratinization

cementum

thick layer of calcified connective tissue covers tooth from CEJ to and around apical formaen —- serves as attatchment for periodontal fiber groups of PDL

can you see the mucogingival junction MGJ from the palate

no

To assess the consistency of the gingival tissues what is the best technique

gently press tissue with side of periodontal probe

In an advanced lesion are the connetctive tissue fibers below the junctional epithelium intact

no they are destroyed in an advanced lesion

suprabony pocket

pocket in which base of pocket coronal to crest of alveolar bone

masticatory surfaces covered and keratinization

hard paltae and attatched gingiva, firmly bound to underlying bone w/ thick lamina propria to handle heavy compression and friction w/ chewing, keratinized

lining mucosa surfaces covered, features, and keratinization

inside of lips, cheeks, alveolar muscoas, floor of mouth, ventral tongue surface, soft palate

• moveable loosely attatched to cushion movements like speaking/facial expressions

• non-keratinized

Specialized mucosa surfaces covered, features, and keratinization

dorsum (top) of tongue,

• lingual papillae and taste buds for taste perception and food manipulation

• keratinized or non keratinized depending on papillae type

Give examples of keratinized tissues

masticoary mucosa

• attached gingiva and free gingiva from gingival margin to free gingival groove

• hard palate

specialized mucosa

• dorsal of tongue

Give examples of nonkeratinized tissues

lining mucosa

• soft palate

• alveolar mucosa

• buccal mucosa

• ventral of tongue

• floor of mouth

• labial mucosa

• frena

Masticatory mucosa

• keratinized

• covers gingiva and hard palate (areas used during mastication)

• firmly attatched (except for free margin of gingiva) masticatroy mucosa firmly attatched to undrlying tissues

Lining mucosa

• non-keratinized

• covers inner surfaces of lips and cheeks, floor of mouth, ventral of tongue (underside), soft palate, alveolar muscosa

• these tissues are not firmly attatched to underlying tissue

• frenum (to check undue movement)

• maxillary, mandibular, lingual buccal frena

Specialized mucosa

• keratinized

• covers dorsum of tongue (top)

• composed of many papillae, some contain taste buds

Specialized - filliform papillae

thread like keratinized elevation that cover dorsal surface of tongue; most numerous of papillae (no taste buds)

Specialized - foliate papilla

vertical grooves on lateral posterior sides of tongue; contain taste buds

Specialized fungiform

mushroom-shaped papillae interspersed among filiform papillae on tip and sides of tongue. Clinical exam appear redder than filiform papillae and contain variable numbers of taste buds

Specialized - circumvallate

10 to 14 large round papillae arranged in V between body and base of tongue; taste buds line the walls

Periodontium - strucutres that keep the teeth in place

• gingival tissue

• alveolar bone

• cementum

• periodontal ligaments

strucutres of gingiva

• free gingiva (marginal gingiva)

• gingival sulcus (crevice)

• interdental gingiva (interdental papilla)

• junctional epithelium

• attatched gingiva

• mucogingival junction

• alveolar mucosa

What are the 3 main categories/types of gingiva

1. free gingiva - free from bone aka “unattatched”

2. attatched gingiva - attatched to bone

3. interdental gingiva/papilla - in health occ