Bio 101 Exam 1 Nvcc

Carbohydrates Basic Unit

monosaccharides

lipids basic unit

fatty acids

proteins basic unit

amino acids

Nucleic Acids Basic Unit

nucleotide

Carbohydrates examples

sugars and starches

Carbohydrate function in the body

(Energy)

Carbohydrates: Monosaccharides

glucose, fructose, galactose

Liplids Function

High Energy

Protein examples

hemoglobin, enzymes, insulin

protein functions

Storage, Hormonal, Contractile, Defensive,Transport, Receptor, Structural

Which is better Saturated or Unsaturated Butter?

Unsaturated Butter- Double bond (easier to break down)

Nucleic Acids is a Monomer or Polymomer

Monomer

Nucleic Acid show

Genes (Genome)

DNA nitrogen bases

Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), Thymine (T)

RNA nitrogen bases

Guanine (G), Cytosine (C), Adenine (A), Uracil (U)

The strongest bonds are

Covalent bonds

The weakest bond between two atoms is the ________ bond.

Hydrogen

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

5 Carbon Sugar

Phosphate

Backbone

Bioinformatics

The use of computers, software, and mathematical models to process and integrate biological information from large data sets.

Prokaryote

A unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and membrane bound organelles (before Nucleus)

Ribosomes function

Makes proteins

Prokaryote size is

small

Eukaryote

A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

Eukaryotes in size

10-100 micrometers LARGE

Eukaryotic domains of life

Animalia, Provista,Plants, Fungi

What part of a Amino Acid changes?

R-Group (Yellow/Green)

peptide bond

The chemical bond that forms between the carboxyl group of one amino acid and the amino group of another amino acid

Peptide bonds are

covalent

Protiens are also known as

Polypeptide

Proteins have 4 levels of structure

primary, secondary, tertiary, quaternary

Genome

the complete instructions for making an organism, consisting of all the genetic material in that organism's chromosomes