Anatomy Unit 1 Test

Transverse plane

Divides the body into top and bottom halves.

Physiology

The study of how living things function or work.

Cells

The smallest building blocks of all living things.

Pelvic cavity

Body cavity that houses the reproductive and excretory organs.

Tissue

Groups of similar cells with a common function.

Anatomy

The study of the form and structure of all living things.

Organ system

Two or more organs working together.

Cranial cavity

Body cavity that holds the brain.

Homeostatic imbalance

Diminished ability to keep the body's internal environment within normal ranges.

Anatomical position

Body position that serves as a 'starting point' for describing body positions and directions.

Data

Systematically collected and recorded observations of some sort.

Anabolism

Process in which complex molecules are constructed from simpler ones.

Metabolism

Chemical reactions constantly going on within the body's cells.

Frontal plane

Divides the body into front and back halves.

Homeostasis

State of regulated physiological balance.

Thoracic cavity

Body cavity that houses the heart and lungs.

Sagittal plane

Divides the body into right and left halves.

Science

The systematic process that creates new knowledge.

Organizes that knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about some aspect of our universe

Negative feedback

Conditions exceeding a set limit in one direction trigger a negative reaction in the opposite direction.

Orbital cavities

Body cavities that holds the eyes.

statistical inference

the practice of translating the findings of a research study to a large population

force

can be thought of as a push or pull acting on a structure

nonplanar

movements that do not occur in direction with one of the three planes

torque

when a force causes a structure to rotate, the rotary effect of the force

bending

a combination of off-center forces can create a loading pattern

afferent

when changes in the environment occur, a message is sent from a sensory receptor nerve to a control center along this pathway

kinetics

the analysis of the actions of forces

metric

measuring system used in all fields of science throughout the world

superior

closer to the head

nodes

part of the lymphatic system

cardiac, skeletal, smooth

types of muscle

collecting the data, formulating a hypothesis, analyzing data

steps of the scientific method

pancreas, thyroid gland, pineal gland

parts of the endocrine system

scientific theory

explanation of some aspect of the natural world based on repeatedly confirmed research

shoulder

proximal to the elbow

lateral

away from the midline of the body

3-6 oz

how much liquid you should consume for each 20 minutes of vigorous exercise

abdominal cavity

contains the stomach