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71 Terms
What was Central America once known as?
Mesoamerica
When was the agricultural revolution?
4000 years ago
Agricultural revolution - main crop?
Corn(Maize)
What was 1st known civilization?
Olmec
Range of years in this unit:
1490-1607
How long did the Olmec last?
1200 BCE - 400 BCE
Where were the Maya located?
Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, Guatemala
What were the Maya known for?
calenders, pyramids, military
How long did the Maya rule?
until the 900s AD
Why did the Maya fall out of rule?
No none reason
Where was the Aztec Empire located?
Capital city of Tenochtitlan(Mexico City)
When was the Aztec Empire founded?
1325
What was the Aztec Empire known for?
Human sacrifices, trade, floating gardens, religion, slavery, war
What was the largest empire in Central America?
Aztec Empire
How many people was there by the late 1400s in the Aztec Empire
5 million
Where was the Incan Empire?
Peru/Andes Mountains
How big was the Incan Empire?
Larger than Aztec
How long did the Incan Empire last?
1200 - 1572
What was the Incan Empire known for?
sliver, trade, war, slavery, llamas
What Native Americans used the quipi?
The Incans
What tribes were on the Pacific Coast?
Chinook, Nez Perce, Pomo
What tribes was full of excellent carvers?
Pacific Coast
What were the Pacific Coast tribe?
Chinook, Nez Perce, Pomo
What were Southeastern tribes?
Hohokam, Anasazi, Puebl
What farming method did the Southeastern tribes use?
Irrigation- mainly corn
What tribes had cliff dwellings?
Southeastern
What tribes were nomadic after AD 1500?
Great Plains
What were the Great Plain tribes?
Pawnee, Sioux, Iowa, Wichita peoples
What were the Great Plain tribes known for?
Teepees + The use of Buffalo
What tribes eventually tamed horses from the Spanish?
Great Plain
What tribes are grouped are grouped by language?
Northern Woodlands
Where were the Algonquian based?
New England
Where were the Iroquoian located?
PA and NY
What tribes used slash and burn agriculture?
Northern Woodland
Where did the Northern Woodland tribes live?
Longhouses or Wigwams
What did the Algonquian and Iroquoian use for recording events?
Wapmum beads
What tribes were Southeastern Woodland?
Cherokee, Choctaw, Seminole, Chicksaw
What were the roles for Southeastern Woodland people?
Women farmed and men hunted
Where did the Southeastern Woodland tribes live?
Thatched Homes(some used earthen mounds)
When did the Islam arrive via trade and war to West Africa?
AD 700
What did the Middle Eastern Empires want?
Gold
What did the Europeans eventually use from the Ottoman Empire?
Gold Coins
Who was one of the richest men in history?
Mansa Musa(ruled Mali)
What country conquered Ghana
Mali
When did Mali peak?
1300s
What country taxed citizens to stay powerful?
Mali
What was the center for learning called in Mali?
Timbuktu
What country defeated Mali?
Songhai
How long did Songhai rule the region?
Until 1591
What country defeated Mali?
Morocca
What time period did the Crusades happen?
1095 AD-1292 CE
Point of the Crusades?
To reclaim the Holy Land from Muslims
What lead to trade with China(Europeans)
Military attacks towards Middle East connected to Silk Road
4 Strong European States:
Portugal, Spain, England, France
What was Spain and Portugal’s main goal?
To find new trade routes to China
Renaissance time period
1350 - 1600 CE
What caused a rebirth of art and learning?
Trade with Middle East and China
What country was the 1st to explore the new trade routes?
Portugal
Portugal’s major explorer:
Prince Henry the Navigator
What was built in 1419?
School for astronomy and geography
What did Bartolomeu Dias explore?
The Cape of Good Hope
What did Vasco de Gama do?
Rounded South Africa and Reached India(1489)
Who established trade posts around Africa and India?
Vasco de Gama
What country went west to avoid the Ottoman Empire and Portuguese around African Coast?
Spain
What was Columbus’s Plan:
Sail West to Eastern Coast of India
Who financed Columbus’s Plan?
King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella (1492)
Columbus’s First Voyage Boats:
Nina, Pinta, Santa Maria
Where did Columbus actually land?
The Caribbean and He met the Arawak Tribe
What did Columbus take back to Spain?
Natives, Parrots, Spices, Gold
Columbus’s Later Voyages
1493 - Hispaniola
1496 – Santo Domingo founded by Bartholomew
1498 – 3rd Voyage
South America – new continent