C6 - Electronic Structures (Gen. Chem 1)

principal energy #

higher # = higher energy & more spread out orbital

orbital types

s, p, d, f

pauli exclusion rule

same orbital → opposite spin on electrons, 2 electrons total

hund’s rule

lowest energy achieved w/ same spin on all orbitals (per subshell)

aufbau principle

lower orbitals filled before higher ones

noble gas configuration

• List orbital notation from previous noble gas down the period to the desired element

planck’s constant (h)

h = 6.626 × 10^-34 J • s

energy equation

E = hv

• v = frequency

wave equation

c = λv

shell, orbital, subshell

• shell - all orbitals @ the same energy level (2s, 2p)

• subshell - all orbitals @ the same energy level & of the same type (2p_x, 2p_y)

• orbital - possible allowed state of electrons (2 electrons per orbital)