Honors Chem-Unit 1 quiz

Matter

anything that has mass and volume (takes up space)

How do we classify matter?

pure substance and mixtures

What are pure substances?

elements and compounds

Element

A pure substance made up of only one kind of atom. (review diagrams)

- can't be chemically broken down into simpler substances

Compound

A compound is a substance made of two or more different elements that are chemically combined in fixed proportions . (review diagrams)

- can be broken down into simpler substances

Mixture

A combination of two or more substances that are chemically joined and can be separated physically. (review diagrams)

What is a mixture that is uniform throughout?

homogeneous mixture

- gatorade, saltwater, air

What is a heterogeneous mixture?

a mixture where you can visibly see the different components

- lucky charms, trail mix, salad

Physical Properties of Matter

A characteristic of a substance that can be observed without changing it into another substance. Ex: malleability, luster, oder, density.

Chemical property of matter

A characteristics of a substance that describes its ability to change into different substances Ex: flammability, reactivity, toxicity.

Chemical Change

A chemical change forms new products Ex: Combustion, rotting, rusting, digestion.

Physical Change

Matter change form but not chemical identity. Ex:Melting, shredding, chopping, boiling.

Signs of a chemical change

1: Color change

2: Gas is produced

3: Parcipate is formed

4:Hear or light is produced

5:Oder is produced

States of Matter

Gas, Solid, Liquid

Gas (review diagram)

low density, high kinetic energy, no fixed volume, no fixed shape.

Liquid (review diagram)

-has a fixed volume

-no fixed shape

solid (review diagam)

-low kinetic energy

-fixed shape

-fixed volume

Melting point H20 (c)

0

Boiling point H20 (c)

100

Phase changes (step 1)

all solid particles, temperature and energy are increasing

Phase changes (step 2)

adding heat, no change in temperature particles are changing from solid to liquid

-mix of solid + liquid

Phase changes (step 3)

All particles are liquid, temperature + energy now increasing

Phase changes (step 4)

Adding heat no change in temperature, sample is evaporating. Evaporation d takes more energy than melting.

-Mix of liquid and gas.

Phase changes (step 5)

All gas, increasing temperature and our particles are going energy.

intensive

will not change if the size of the sample changes

Extensive

do change if the size of the sample change

Chemical changes

all are irreversible

examples of Physical properites

Blue, soft, density, melting point

examples of chemical properites

flammibility, combustible, iron will rust

Physical changes examples

wadding up papper, ice becomes water, sharpening pencil, sugar dissolves in water, melting butter, boiling water, breaking a window

Chemical changes examples

gas forms, digesting food, bread molding, alka- seltzer in water, gasoline burning,