Urban Planning 1010

Permeability

How easy it is to move from one place to the next

Legibility

See and understand around development

3rd places

enjoyable places for community to use and gather at

mixed use

business and living. multipurpose places, town center?

adaptive use

turning old to new, repurposing

urban sprawl

rapid expansion

folded map project

same address on different sides of town

shrinking cities

population loss

home Gr/own

vacant lots used to grow food

walking school bus

walking to school in a group

housing wage

how much you need to make to live and have a house

kampung admiralty

integrated public development, facilities and services under 1 roof

1899 building act DC

to not block views, for planes to fly, and for fire safety

Dumbell Tenements

shaped to allow air, fit people. designed due to poor living conditions in NY

hull house + Jane Addams

service to and for community. Skill teaching, legal help, employment, and childcare to help meet basic needs. Was proven to help

city beautiful

livable, orderly, civic center park. shield from poverty

ebenezer howard- garden city

satellite surrounding central city with separated greenbelt proportionate areas of industry and agriculture

equitable building

skyscraper blocked sunlight. largest office in the world by floor area, led to rezoning and restrictions

1916 zoning resolution

dividing land into 3 types; commercial, residential,unrestricted. stop buildings from preventing light and air from street

levittown

small VA homes in massive neighborhood. Vet. could buy at fraction of a price

Restrictive covenants

restrict land use so value of nextdoor stays up. like hoa, for renovations, pets, and livestock, but for mass neighborhood

HOLC

eval. for lending, risk, and real estate professionals. redlined hazardous or high risk areas and made it easy for professionals to deny borrower due to where they live

willis carrier

inventor of ac

interstate highway act of 1956

highway system to be interstate and federal funding was granted.

urban renewal

clearing out the slums to create higher living and business opportunities

jane jacobs

urbanist and activist, cities need mixed use, was against urban renewal

Border Vaccuums

space in city that cuts off activity and separates neighborhoods or districts

robert moses

reason for new development & city beautiful, fought against jane jacobs

density v overcrowding

density, building tighter and having a strong community with space

overcrowding, not enough space

Barcelona superblock

3×3 grid of city block blocked off from traffic. cars must use perimeter to travel

highline nyc

public park on railroad structure

salesforce

urban rooftop with paths, park, and area to relax ontop of salesforce transit center and plaza

11th st bridge park

dc bridge that connects separated portions. the west is practical and where business happens, east is unplanned and less organized, “normal”

TDR

preserves landowners assets, moves rights to build house from prohibited location,

developers buy development rights of rural land within designated area

UGB

line drawn to show where city should grow

separates urban and rural to protect farm and forest land and ensures urban growth

upzoning

increase zoning density in municipality

allow new capacity for development

infill development

developing vacant or underutilized parcels within urban areas already developed

rededication of land

brownfield

property, expansion, redevelopment, reuse, can be complicated by presence or potential presence of hazardous substance, pollutant, or contaminants

greyfield

underused land or real estate

previously developed and no known contaminents

greenfield

untouched land

no constraints from prior work

gentle density

more houses per lot

refers to missing middle between mid-rise detached homes

ADU, grannyflat

small apartment in backyard

ecodensity

growth inevitable and sprawl is hard on planet

encourages development in low-medium dense areas

sustainable, livable, and affordable

100 yr life

housing accessible and affordable

make homes adaptable and accessible

15 minute city

can get to necessary services by 15 min drive or walk

ambitious, inclusive, measurable, and effective

not so big house

1/3 smaller than typical home but same price range

space wt substance, constant use in all parts, ends up feeling bigger

quinta monroy

to house those of quinta monroy illegally living there

aging in place

building to keep people in one home. accommodating and adaptable

naturally occurring retirement community NORC

dwellings not intended for elderly but have become for them

NORC funding provides integrated resources, support, and services

supports aging in place

beacon hill

50+ membership based community of MA

host socials and connects with other groups

helps find resources

form-based codes

land development and regulation for predictable built results, alt. to conventional zoning.

regulating plan, public standard, building standard, admin

street and building types, #floors, % built site, frontage specified (30a hhi)

adaptive reuse

repurpose buildings

VPS

survey that allows citizens to share and rate their opinion on visual aspects. determines preference for community design, arch. style, land and streetscaping, and built environ.

helps citizens understand land-use and transportation concept

inclusionary housing

could require 10-30% lots/housing sold to low-income

help create affordable housing, tap econ gains for seller/landlord

missing middle housing

range of house-scale buildings wt mult. units

compatible wt single fam

walkable neighborhood

community land trust

develop and maintain permanently affordable homeownership for low-moderate income households

mass timber

new engineered wood- solid wood panels glued together, strong

dutch hofjes

small homes around a courtyard

typically for elderly

pocket neigborhood

planned community wt small residences around a courtyard or common garden

cohousing

shared living areas but also have personal areas

village homes

develop community and conserve energy and natural resources

small stree width, encouraging less cars

edible landscape

open land

new urbanism

walkable, close housing, shopping, accessible public space, mix use

bringing it back to the people

highway caps

deck or bridge on top of freeway

freeway park

reconnects the city wt a park on top of a highway

USV

takes up less space

Bus Rapid transit

high quality bus delivering fast and efficient

priority status (lane signal)

Trackless tram

move w/o track, moving/adding lanes is easy (just repaint)

complete streets

safe access for all- bike, pedestrian, motorist, transit

road diet

4 undivided→ 3 lane, two opp. direction and one turning lane

School streets

streets near school blocked off during drop-off and pick-up

reduces congestion, pollution, and danger

Congestion planning

fee durring rush hour to encourage less car use

tactical urbanism

neighborhood building and activation using short term low cost scalable interventions and policies

parking → parks

temp. public spaces

Naked streets

no markings on roads to reduce congestion, accidents, and encourage indicator lights

perceived danger→ safe driving

intersection repair

community bonding painting intersections

build a better block

increase time spent in public spaces

build connection and trust

utilize space

guerilla wayfinding

wayfinding signs leading to parks, music, hot spots, gardens, and plazas

mental speedbumps

removing traffic signals, lights, and markings, similar to naked streets

parklets

curb parking and community spaces accommodate around demand for public space

last mile problem

rider has to get to starting point of their trip by taking another mode of transportation, no direct route

micromobility

bike, electric scooter, skateboards

miami underline

walking area under bridge

plants and places to do activities (yoga, basketball, walk, sit)

cicloviade Bogota

75 mi city streets become a bikeway

velib

bike sharing

social infrastructure

basic citizen services

school, hospital, park

for safety and economical

resilient and creates lasting community

park rx

nature prescription

spend time outside

collab between park, public land, and physician

spanish library park

outdoor and indoor

reading rooms and books

create lasting community

resilient

safe

provides resources

Bryant park NYC

large outdoor park

lots of seating, events, games, entertainment

shops

street parks

gardens and recreation, meeting space, wildlife

park in middle of street

park in a truck

vacant land, park kit for easy install, can choose what they want, easy and approachable

pavement to parks

restricting vehicle access to create a park

the bentway

art, activites, exercise, under bridge, like miami underline or salesforce

biophilic cities

biodiversity in urban space

park and green space

tree canopy

utilize natural resources

engagement with nature

fractals

characterize and interpret urban areas

how they evolve, appear, and the process/connection of why and how

forest bathing

being in nature spend time w/o screen

perth urban wetland

outdoor classroom

freshwater to explore

natural life

places to sit, observe, and explore

extensive green roof

special adaptation to extensive conditions and high regeneration

drought tolerant

biosolar tolerant

green roof and solar together

can boost solar energy

bosco verticale (milan)

vertical forest in housing natural housing

patrick blanc

green walls

atl beltline

22 mi rail line around atl neighborhoods turned into a park with trails, walkways, park, and greenspace