Anatomy Lab 2: General Bone

large bone/small bone/ osteon

Periosteum

outer membrane of bone

Function:

protects bone

blood vessel route

nerve route

osteoblasts found here

periosteal blood vessel

Function:

deliver blood to the bone interior

deliver blood to osteocytes

• The periosteal bud has vessels,marrow, nerves, osteoblasts, osteoclasts

sharpeys fibers/ perforating fibers

function:

allows blood vessels and nerves to invade bone

osteocyte

mature cell found in lacuna and concentric lamellae of bone

Function:

make bone matrix

secrete bone matrix

blood vessel

arteries and veins

Function:

deliver blood to bone interior

deliver blood to osteocytes

volkmanns canals/perforating canals

communicate between interior and exterior bone surface

compact bone

bone type that contains osteons

Function:

protection

movements

make up bulk of long bone

• found in diaphysis of bone

circumferential lamellae

struucture surrounding entire exterior of bone

run parallel to eachother

function:

forms long bone exterior

forms outer compact of long bone

forms outer portion of long bone

lacuna

lake like ovals between lamellae

function:

hold osteocyte

interstitial lamellae

fills gaps between concentric lamellae

central canal

Function:

blood vessel passageway

nerve passageway

lymph passageway

osteon

function:

functional unit of bone

concentric lamellae

concentric rings like a target of osteons

Function:

surround central canal of osteon

canaliculus/caniliculi

linear structure perpendicualr to lamellae

function:

supply nutrients to osteocytes

spongy bone trabecular

function:

form spiky/open work appearance in spongy bone

endosteum

inner layer of bone

function:

bone remodeling site

osteoclasts found here

medullary cavity/ marrow cavity

bone marrow

red marrow (kids): blood cell production

yellow marrow (adults): fat production

epiphyses

ends of long bone

diaphysis

shaft of long bone

epiphyseal plate

function: thin area of hyaline cartilage for longitudinal bone growth in children

• closes at 18

epiphyseal line

found at ephyses of long bones

replaces epiphyseal plate once long bone growth stops