French Wars, Crimean war flashcards

The British Army faced the French threat on land from __________ to __________.

1793 to 1815

British guns could hit a target at about __________ yards.

1,000

The main British effort during the French Revolutionary War was against French possessions in the __________.

Caribbean

By 1808, Britain had __________ infantry regiments.

103

The infantry's main weapon was the __________ musket.

Brown Bess

Wellington won an important victory at Salamanca on __________.

22 July 1812

Wellington was given command of British and Portuguese forces in __________.

April 1809

In June 1815, Wellington's army suffered __________ casualties at the Battle of Waterloo.

15,000

The Royal Navy was engaged in __________ which had long been regarded as Britain's 'senior service'.

Naval warfare.

The navy blockaded enemy ports, hoping to prevent ships from getting out to sea from __________ onwards.

1793

After Napoleon's defeat, the Continental System began to __________, ensuring that British goods were again shipped to Europe.

collapse.

By 1815, Britain's cotton production had increased __________ fold.

threefold.

The East India Company greatly assisted Britain's war effort by exporting great quantities of __________ to India and Southeast Asia.

goods.

In March 1854, Britain and France declared war on __________, triggering the first major European war since the defeat of Napoleon in 1815.

Russia.

By __________, the British Army was largely unprepared for a major European conflict.

1854

The Battle of __________ in 1854 highlighted weaknesses in British Army command and temporary chaos in supply management.

Alma.

The British Army was noted for its __________, which provided a significant advantage in battle.

rifled muskets.

The innovative and energetic nursing of __________ improved sanitary conditions in the Crimean War.

Florence Nightingale.

The criticism of Lord Raglan during the Crimean War was magnified by reporting from __________ of The Times.

William Howard Russell.

The sieges of __________ became symbolic of the British struggle in the Second Boer War.

Ladysmith, Mafeking, and Kimberley.

In Black Week, British forces suffered a series of __________ against the Boers.

defeats.

What is Florence Nightingale best known for?

She is best known for her pioneering work in nursing and establishing modern nursing practices.

What did Florence Nightingale emphasize in her approach to nursing?

She emphasized the importance of sanitation and proper hygiene in medical care.

What year is associated with Florence Nightingale's foundational work during the Crimean War?

What was the significant impact of Nightingale's work in the Crimean War?

Her efforts drastically reduced the death rate through improved sanitary conditions.

Which hospital did Florence Nightingale reorganize for better care during the Crimean War?

The Barrack Hospital in Scutari.

What statistical method did Florence Nightingale utilize to improve healthcare?

She used statistics, including the use of pie charts, to present data about mortality rates.

What award is named after Florence Nightingale to honor nursing excellence?

The Florence Nightingale Medal.

Who was Mary Seacole?

Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse and businesswoman known for her work during the Crimean War, where she provided care to wounded soldiers.

What was Mary Seacole's notable contribution during the Crimean War?

She established the 'British Hotel' near the battlefield to care for sick and injured soldiers.

How did Mary Seacole fund her journey to the Crimean War?

Mary Seacole financed her trip to the war by using her own savings and funds from her business.

What challenges did Mary Seacole face when trying to join the army as a nurse?

She faced racial discrimination and was initially rejected by the British Army.

What was the significance of Mary Seacole's work during the Crimean War?

Her work highlighted the contributions of women and individuals of color in nursing and wartime medical care.

What legacy did Mary Seacole leave behind?

Mary Seacole is remembered as a pioneer in nursing and has inspired many for her resilience and dedication.

What honor was posthumously awarded to Mary Seacole in Britain?

Mary Seacole was posthumously recognized with a memorial in St. Thomas’ Hospital, London.

What book did Mary Seacole publish about her experiences?

She published 'The Wonderful Adventures of Mrs. Seacole in Many Lands,' detailing her life and work.

Who was Lord Nelson?

Lord Nelson was a British naval commander known for his leadership during the Napoleonic Wars, particularly at the Battle of Trafalgar.

What was the significance of the Battle of Trafalgar?

The Battle of Trafalgar in 1805 was a pivotal naval battle that established British naval supremacy and ended Napoleon's plans to invade Britain.

What was one of Wellington's major military strategies?

Wellington's major military strategy involved using defensive positions and the terrain to his advantage during battles.

In which battle did Wellington famously defeat Napoleon?

Wellington famously defeated Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

What title was Wellington given after his military successes?

After his military successes, Wellington was made the Duke of Wellington.

What was Lord Nelson's famous signal at the Battle of Trafalgar?

Nelson's famous signal at Trafalgar was 'England expects that every man will do his duty.'

What was the difference between Nelson's and Wellington's military focus?

Nelson focused on naval warfare, while Wellington was known for his leadership in land battles.

How did Nelson's tactics differ from traditional naval warfare?

Nelson's tactics emphasized aggressive engagement and breaking enemy lines rather than a conventional line of battle.

What was the outcome of the Peninsular War, which involved Wellington?

The outcome of the Peninsular War (1808-1814) was the expulsion of French forces from Spain and an important victory for Wellington.

How did Wellington's campaign in the Iberian Peninsula contribute to defeating Napoleon?

Wellington's campaigns in the Iberian Peninsula drained French resources and morale, contributing significantly to Napoleon's defeat.

What was the Second Boer War?

A conflict fought between the British Empire and two Boer republics in South Africa from 1899 to 1902.

What were the main Boer Republics involved in the Second Boer War?

The South African Republic (Transvaal) and the Orange Free State.

What were the primary causes of the Second Boer War?

Territorial disputes, Boer independence, and British interest in gold and diamonds in Boer territories.

What was the significance of the Battle of Spion Kop?

A major battle in January 1900 that highlighted British difficulties in the war and ended in a costly defeat.

What tactics did the Boers use during the Second Boer War?

Guerrilla warfare, utilizing mobility and knowledge of the terrain.

How did the British respond to Boer guerrilla tactics?

The British employed scorched earth tactics and established concentration camps.

What impact did the Second Boer War have on British military reputation?

It exposed severe weaknesses in British military leadership and strategy.

What was the outcome of the Second Boer War?

The British Union of South Africa was established, marking a significant step in British colonial expansion.

What role did propaganda play in the Second Boer War?

Propaganda was used to maintain public support for the war and to demonize Boer forces.

What was the significance of the Treaty of Vereeniging?

The treaty, signed in 1902, officially ended the Second Boer War and granted Britain control over the former Boer Republics.