UNIT 12: MONETARY POLICY

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64 Terms

1
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boost= stimulate= promote

v. thúc đẩy, kích thích

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expenses= costs

n. chi phí

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output= production

n. sản lượng

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output of an economy

tổng sản lượng/ giá trị HH DV

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surplus= excess

n. thặng dư, khoản vượt trội

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companies= firms

doanh nghiệp, công ty

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Variable = flexible = changeable

adj. dễ thay đổi

Variable

Biến đổi theo điều kiện

Dữ liệu, số liệu, yếu tố kỹ thuật

Flexible

Linh hoạt, dễ điều chỉnh

Con người, thời gian, kế hoạch

Changeable

Dễ thay đổi (thường thất thường)

Tính khí, thời tiết, môi trường

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raise= increase= expand

v. làm tăng

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reduce= lower= contract

v. làm giảm

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error= mistake

n. lỗi

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spending= expenditure

n. chi tiêu

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boom

v,n. sự bùng nổ, sự tăng đột ngột

>< depression (n)> suy thoái, giảm

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buoyant

adj. thành công, tăng trưởng

A buoyant economy is a successful one in which there is a lot of trade and economic activity

>< sluggish (adj): trì trệ, chậm chạp

You can describe something as sluggish if it moves, works, or reacts much slower than you would like or is normal.

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deflate

v. giảm phát

to cause deflation of (an economy, the money supply, etc)

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rigid

adj, không linh động >< flexible

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reserve= book

v. đặt trước

If something is reserved for a particular person or purpose, it is kept specially for that person or purpose.

n. nguồn dự trữ

A reserve (n): is a supply of something that is available for use when it is needed.

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reserve requirement

n. dự trữ bắt buộc

Reserve requirement + refers to/ is + a certain percentage of deposits that the Central bank requires other banks to keep in reserve. So reserve requirement is the minimum reserves that a bank must keep.

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keep on hand

v. để ở quỹ

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keep in reserve

v. để lại làm dự trữ

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require sb to do sth

yêu cầu ai đó làm gì

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deal with

v. giải quyết, xử lí

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receiving deposits

nhận tiền gửi

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lending money = makeing loans

cho vay

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deposit

n. tiền gửi

A deposit is a sum of money which is in a bank account or savings account, especially a sum which will be left there for some time

v. gửi tiền

If you deposit a sum of money, you pay it into a bank account or savings account

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depositor

n. người gửi tiền

A bank's depositors are the people who have accounts with that bank

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demand deposits

tiền gửi không kì hạn

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checking accounts = current accounts

n. tài khoản thanh toán, tài khoản vãng lai ( thanh toán, giao dịch thường xuyên)

They are offered by commercial banks, they bear/ earn little or no interest. The account owners (holders) / depositors can withdraw their money at any time they want without any notice to the bank.

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share draft accounts

n. tài khoản hối phiếu cổ phần

They are offered by credit unions – hiệp hội tín dụng, they bear a little interest. The depositors may have to give notice to the credit union when they withdraw money from their share draft account.

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NOW accounts

negotiable order of withdrawal account- tài khoản lệnh rút tiền khả nhượng

a type of bank account that allows you to take money out at any time and also earns interest

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time deposits

tiền gửi có kì hạn

a financial arrangement in which you put money in a bank account to earn interest for a fixed period of time:

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short term time deposits

tiền gửi ngắn hạn

CDs- certificate of deposits: chứng chỉ tiền gửi

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long term time deposits

tiền gửi dài hạn

saving accounts: tiền gửi tiết kiệm

is a bank account with a limited number of transactions per month that pays a higher interest rate than a checking account.

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a current account holder/ customer

người nắm giữ tài khoản thanh toán, chủ tài khoản

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debit cards

n. thẻ ghi nợ

chi tiêu bằng tiền có sẵn trong tài khoản của bạn

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credit cards

n. thẻ tín dụng

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whenever= at any time

bất cứ khi nào

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withdraw= draw

v. rút tiền ( money)

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withdrawal

n. tiền rút ra

A withdrawal is an amount of money that you take from your bank account

early withdrawals: khoản tiền rút trước kì hạn

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claim sth= have a claim on sth

yêu cầu cái gì

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in the form of

dưới dạng…

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discount rate

n. lãi suất chiết khấu

The discount rate is the rate of interest (interest rate) that the central bank charges on/for loans to other banks.

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make loans to sb= lend money to sb

cho ai vay tiền

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take a loan from sb= borrow money from sb

vay tiền từ ai

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charge interest rates/ prices/ fees on/ for sth

tính lãi, phí cho cái gì

commissions: tiền hoa hồng

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open market operations

n. hoạt động thị trường mở

refer to the Central Bank’s buying and selling government securities (mostly bonds) on the open market.

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security

n. chứng khoán

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primary tool

n. công cụ chính

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primary market

n. thị trường sơ cấp- newly issued securities

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buy sth on credit

mua trả góp

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rate of output

tốc độ sản xuất

= economic growth rate

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output of a producer= its production volume

khối lượng sx, tổng slg sx

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be set by the central banks

do ngân hàng trung ương quy định

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give depositors= pay back the depositors

trả lại người gửi tiền

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concern sth

đề cập/ nói tới cái gì

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be short of sth

thiếu cái gì

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monetary policy

n. chính sách tiền tệ

Monetary policy refers to actions taken by a government to control the amount of money in an economy and how easily available it is

Monetary policy is a central bank's actions and communications (responsibility of the central bank) that manage (control) the money supply.

Monetary Policy is one of the major macroeconomic policies which controls/ manages the money supply and is supervised by the Central bank.

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borrowing rates/ bid rates

lãi suất đi vay

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lending rates/ offer rates

lãi suất cho vay

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moderate

adj. vừa phải, trung bình

moderate growth/ inflation/ increase: tăng trưởng/ lạm phát/ sự gia tăng vừa phải

moderate gains/ losses: mức lãi/ lỗ vừa phải

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price level

n. mức giá chung

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employment rate= the number of available jobs

tỷ lệ người đang có việc làm, số lượng việc làm sẵn có

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disposable income

n. thu nhập khả dụng

Your disposable income is the amount of income you have left after you have paid income tax and social security charges (payroll taxes)

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bank lending capacity

khả năng cho vay của NH

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overheating economy

n. nền kinh tế tăng trưởng nóng