AWS Storage & Database Services Lecture Notes

Vocabulary flashcards covering key AWS storage, database services, Well-Architected pillars, S3 storage classes, and related operational concepts mentioned in the lecture notes.

Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS)

Service that lets you create individual block-storage volumes and attach them to Amazon EC2 instances.

Persistent (Non-volatile) Storage

Any data-storage device that retains data after power is shut off.

Unmanaged Services

AWS services that customers provision in discrete portions and manage themselves.

Data Transfer Pricing

AWS charges based on the volume of data transferred out of a Region.

Amazon Aurora

MySQL- and PostgreSQL-compatible relational database engine built for the cloud.

Recoverability

Processes and policies that restore service after a catastrophic event.

Amazon Simple Storage Service (Amazon S3)

Fully managed cloud object-storage service.

Vault Lock

Amazon S3 Glacier feature that enforces compliance through an immutable policy.

Security (AWS Priority)

AWS’s highest priority across all services and operations.

Amazon Relational Database Service (Amazon RDS)

Managed service that sets up, operates, and scales relational databases in the cloud.

Non-relational Database

Database that does not follow the traditional relational model used by RDBMSs.

Reliability

Probability that an entire system will function as intended for a specified period.

Buckets (Amazon S3)

Top-level resources in S3 that store objects.

Big Data

Analytics approach that emphasizes focusing on data insights rather than database management.

Snapshot (EBS)

Point-in-time backup of an Amazon EBS volume.

Full Snapshot

Initial, complete backup of an Amazon EBS volume.

Instance Store

Ephemeral, physically attached storage for EC2 instances; data is lost when the instance stops.

Amazon DynamoDB

Fast, flexible NoSQL database service with single-digit millisecond latency at any scale.

Amazon Redshift

Fast, fully managed cloud data-warehouse service.

Cost Optimization Pillar

AWS Well-Architected principle focused on meeting needs without overspending.

Partition Key

Single-attribute primary key used to partition data in DynamoDB.

Amazon RDS Read Replica

Asynchronously replicated copy of a primary database that can be promoted to primary when needed.

Volumes (EBS)

Automatically replicated block-storage units within their Availability Zone.

DB Instance

Fundamental building block of Amazon RDS that encapsulates compute, memory, and database engine.

Performance Efficiency Pillar

Well-Architected pillar emphasizing efficient use of IT resources to meet requirements.

Operational Excellence Pillar

Well-Architected pillar promoting performing operations as code and continual improvement.

AWS Trusted Advisor

Tool that inspects an AWS environment and gives real-time recommendations.

Relational Database

Database that stores structured data in tables consisting of rows and columns.

Throughput-Oriented Storage

Cold storage tier designed for infrequently accessed data requiring high throughput.

Amazon S3 Standard

General-purpose storage class for frequently accessed data.

Amazon S3 Standard-Infrequent Access

Cost-effective storage for long-lived, less-frequently accessed data needing rapid retrieval.

Amazon S3 One Zone-Infrequent Access

Lower-cost storage for infrequent access data stored in a single Availability Zone.

Amazon S3 Intelligent-Tiering

Storage class that automatically moves objects between access tiers based on usage patterns.

Amazon S3 Glacier

Low-cost archival storage for data requiring retrieval within minutes to hours.

Amazon S3 Glacier Deep Archive

Lowest-cost S3 storage class for long-term retention of rarely accessed data.

Fault Tolerance

System’s ability to remain operational after component failures; affects availability.

Scalability

Capability of a system to handle growth in workload without performance degradation.

AWS Well-Architected Framework

Guidelines consisting of Operational Excellence, Security, Reliability, Performance Efficiency, Cost Optimization, and optional Sustainability pillars.

AWS Trusted Advisor Categories

Check areas include Cost Optimization, Performance, Fault Tolerance, Security, and Service Limits.

Amazon EBS Volume Types

Cold, General Purpose (gp), Provisioned IOPS (io), and Throughput-Optimized (st) volumes.

Relational Database Challenges

Server and OS maintenance, software patches, scalability limits, security, backups, and high availability.

Amazon RDS Supported Engines

PostgreSQL, Oracle, Amazon Aurora, MySQL, MariaDB, and Microsoft SQL Server.