Research Methodology and Quantitative Study Fundamentals

These flashcards cover the essentials of research methodology, including the characteristics of research questions, variable types, quantitative research designs, and steps for drafting titles and backgrounds.

What is the definition of a research gap according to the lecture notes?

The areas of the study that remain unanswered.

What are the four characteristics of a good Research Question?

1. Feasibility (can be investigated without expanding an undue amount of time and money), 2. Clarity, 3. Significance, 4. Ethics.

How is an Independent variable defined in quantitative research?

A causal variable that can be manipulated and causes change to the other variable.

What is the function of a Moderating Variable?

To modify the relationship between the Independent and Dependent variables.

Which level of measurement presents data in no specific order and can be counted?

Nominal variable.

What characterizes an Ordinal level of measurement?

It presents data with an intrinsic order or rank, but the distance between categories are not equivalent.

What is the difference between Interval and Ratio levels of measurement?

Interval has a numerical value, while Ratio has a numerical value and a true zero.

What is the main goal of Quantitative Research?

To determine the relationship between the independent and dependent variable.

Contrast deductive and inductive reasoning processes.

Deductive reasoning moves from general to specific, while inductive reasoning moves from specific to general.

Which type of quantitative research is described as most conclusive and establishes different treatments to study effects?

Experimental Research.

What is the difference between Causal-Comparative and Correlational Research?

Correlational Research determines relationships among 2 or more variables, while Causal-Comparative Research determines the cause of difference between groups of people.

What examples of Quantitative variables are provided in the transcript?

#kg and $5\,pkg$.

What are the three listed weaknesses of Quantitative Research?

1. No human perceptions, 2. Lack of resources for large scale, 3. No depth description.

What are the steps to identifying an Area of Inquiry?

1. Brainstorming, 2. Read x3, 3. Make a research matrix to look for gaps, 4. Describe topic of interest briefly, 5. Read again for literature availability, 4. Formulate working title.

What are the requirements for a formal Research Title?

It should be focused and direct, include the variables and field of inquiry, be formal without abbreviations, and use proper grammar and capitalization.

What are the components of the Research Background outline?

Intro paragraph, Justify problem, Variables, and Research Gap.

What are the four categories of Research Questions?

Descriptive RQ, Comparative RQ, Evaluative RQ, and Explanatory RQ.

What is the definition of an Evaluative RQ?

A question formed to assess a particular observation.

Why is it important for a Research Question to be Analytical?

It should not use questions that answer yes or no because it needs critical thinking skills.

What are the steps in writing a Research Statement?

1. Finalize the research topic, 2. Draft research question, 3. Write general problem statement, 4. Define the statement of the problem.