EMES 446 Module 2

Oviparous

Egg-laying sharks

Viviparous

Live-bearing sharks with maternal nutrient transfer

Ovoviviparous

Eggs hatch internally and then live young are born

Catsharks, zebra sharks, and horn sharks, Do which kind of reproductive strategy?

Oviparous

bull sharks and hammerhead sharks do which kind of reproductive strategy?

Viviparous

Great White Sharks and Cookiecutter sharks do which reproductive strategy?

Ovoviviparous

How long ago did the ancestors of sharks diverge from their other fish relatives?

450 million years ago

Which TWO of the below sharks are obligate ram ventilators?

Mako shark and whale shark

You set a baited long line and pull in two species of sharks: Atlantic sharpnose and hammerheads. All of the sharpnose sharks survive but the hammerheads did not survive. Why?

sharpnose can actively ventilate and hammerheads are obligate ram ventilators

These types of sharks are born with a "belly button" between their pectoral fins

Viviparous

You have been asked to observe lemon shark pups and adult male and female great whites to record their preferred prey. What field location would you go to for i) lemon shark pups and ii) adult great whites?

i) Mangroves and ii) South Farallon Islands

Which of the following is true about the conclusions from the cultured bacterial communities study by Black et al from 2021?

The study found Moraxellaceae on all species and Vibrionacea on wounds 

Which of the following is NOT true about the DNA sequencing-based shark microbiome study by Storo et al. from 2021?

study found Caribbean Reef sharks have distinct microbes compared to other species 

The ampullae of Lorenzini (AoL) are filled with which of the following (select all correct answers):

electroconductive jelly and chitin

The culturing experiment from AoL jelly revealed which of the following as the dominant bacterial isolate:

Staphylococcus