The physical defense of the stomach lining that prevent self-digestion. Bicarbonate rich mucus and tight junctions between epithelial cells
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How do ulcers form?
when Helicobacter pylori destroys mucus
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How much gastric juice is produced per day?
3 L
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What is the cephalic phase?
Smell, sight, and though of food triggers gastric secretions
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What is the gastric phase?
When food reaches stomach, dramatically increases secretions
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What is the intestinal phase?
As food enters duodenum
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What is the alkaline tide?
Blood pH increases leaving stomach due to H_ ions entering stomach causing HCO3- ions to enter the blood Blood becomes basic
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What is chyme
a mixture of partially digested food, water, and gastric juices
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How does food enter the duodenum
The pyloric sphincter squirts 3 ml of chyme
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What supplies the liver with blood
The Hepatic Artery=Ox blood from Aorta Hepatic Portal Vein=Nutrient rich blood from GI
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Where does bile leave the liver from
common hepatic duct
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What forms the bile duct?
common hepatic duct and cystic duct
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What WBC cleans blood within the liver
Hepatic Macrophages
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What cells are arranged in lobules in the liver
Hepatocytes
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What are hepatocytes
functional cells of the liver
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What do hepatocytes do?
Produce bile, detoxify blood, store vitamins, and process nutrients
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What is bile
fat emulsifier, made of bile salts and phospholipids alkaline
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What is Hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
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What is cirrhosis?
a chronic disease of the liver marked by degeneration of cells, inflammation, and fibrous thickening of tissue. It is typically a result of alcoholism or hepatitis.
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Hepatic duct (Picture)
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common bile duct (Picture)
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What is the common bile duct
duct where exocrine secretions from the liver, pancreas and gall bladder enter the small intestine