Psychological Disorders Vocabulary

Flashcards about Psychological Disorders.

Psychopathology

Scientific study of the origins, symptoms, and development of psychological disorders.

Psychological disorder/Mental disorder

Pattern of behavioral and psychological symptoms that causes significant personal distress or impairs the ability to function in important areas of life.

DSM-5-TR

Describes specific symptoms and diagnostic guidelines for different psychological disorders.

Anxiety

An unpleasant emotional state characterized by physical arousal, feelings of tension, apprehension, and worry.

Anxiety disorders

Category of psychological disorders in which extreme anxiety is the main diagnostic feature and causes significant disruptions.

Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, global, and persistent symptoms of anxiety.

Panic attack

Sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly accelerates in intensity.

Panic disorder

Anxiety disorder in which a person experiences frequent and unexpected panic attacks.

Agoraphobia

Anxiety disorder involving extreme fear of experiencing a panic attack or other embarrassing or incapacitating symptoms in a public situation where escape is impossible.

Phobia

Persistent and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity.

Specific phobia

Excessive, intense, and irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that is actively avoided or endured with marked anxiety.

Social anxiety disorder

Anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of being embarrassed, judged, or scrutinized by others in social situations.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

Disorder triggered by exposure to a highly traumatic event, resulting in memories, avoidance, negative changes, and heightened arousal.

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)

Disorder characterized by intrusive, repetitive, and unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions).

Obsessions

Repeated, intrusive, and uncontrollable irrational thoughts or mental images that cause extreme anxiety.

Compulsions

Repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to perform to prevent or reduce anxiety and distress.

Major depressive disorder

Mood disorder characterized by extreme and persistent feelings of despondency, worthlessness, and hopelessness.

Bipolar disorder

Mood disorder involving periods of incapacitating depression alternating with periods of extreme euphoria and excitement.

Manic episode

Sudden, rapidly escalating emotional state characterized by extreme euphoria, excitement, physical energy, and rapid thoughts and speech.

Cyclothymic disorder

People experience moderate but frequent mood swings for two years or longer (milder form of bipolar disorder).

Eating disorders

Category of psychological disorders characterized by severe disturbances in eating behavior.

Anorexia nervosa

Eating disorder characterized by excessive weight loss, an irrational fear of gaining weight, and distorted body self-perception.

Bulimia nervosa

Eating disorder involving binges of extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting or other inappropriate methods to purge excessive food.

Binge-eating disorder

Eating disorder characterized by recurring episodes of binge eating without purging behaviors.

Personality disorders

Inflexible, maladaptive, pervasive pattern of thoughts, emotions, behaviors, and interpersonal functioning.

Paranoid Personality Disorder

Pervasive but unwarranted distrust and suspiciousness.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

Blatantly disregards or violates the rights of others; impulsive, irresponsible, deceitful, manipulative and lacking in guilt or remorse.

Avoidant Personality Disorder

Extreme social inhibition and social avoidance due to feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to criticism, rejection, or disapproval.

Borderline Personality Disorder

Intense, unstable relationships, emotions, and self-image; impulsive; desperate efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment; feelings of emptiness; self-destructive tendencies

Dissociative disorders

Extreme and frequent disruptions of awareness, memory, and personal identity impair the ability to function.

Dissociative amnesia

Partial or total inability to recall important information that is not due to a medical condition.

Dissociative fugue

Suddenly and inexplicably travels away from home, wandering to other cities or even countries.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Presence of two or more distinct identities or 'personalities'

Schizophrenia

Psychological disorder that involves severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes.

Positive symptoms (Schizophrenia)

Symptoms that reflect excesses or distortions of normal functioning, including delusions, hallucinations, and disorganized thoughts and behavior.

Negative symptoms (Schizophrenia)

Symptoms consist of marked deficits or decreases in behavioral or emotional functioning.