Top 300 Quiz 4

DEXAMETHASONE

generic

Decadron

DEXAMETHASONE

Dosage Forms

Tablet

Solution

Elixir

Oral Concentrate

DEXAMETHASONE

Tablet

0.5 mg, 0.75 mg, 1 mg, 1.5 mg, 2 mg, 4 mg, 6 mg

DEXAMETHASONE

Solution

Elixir

0.5mg/5 mL

DEXAMETHASONE

Oral Concentrate

1 mg/mL

DEXAMETHASONE

Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration

Allergic states

Dermatologic diseases

Endocrine disorders

GI diseases

Hematologic disorders

Neoplastic diseases

Nervous system

Respiratory diseases

Rheumatic disorders

DEXAMETHASONE

MOA

synthetic adrenocortical steroids → metabolic effects

DEXAMETHASONE

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to glucocorticosteroids

live vaccines

fungal infections

DEXAMETHASONE

Adverse Reactions

HTN

GI upset

Primary adrenocortical insufficiency

Cushing syndrome

decreased body growth

increased risk of infection

osteoporosis

DEXAMETHASONE

Key Patient Counseling Points

short-term, doses with meals

high-dose / long → monitor

insomnia, anxiety, aggression at higher doses

BMI ≥30 kg/m2 → use IBW

SUCRALFATE

generic

Carafate

SUCRALFATE

Dosage Forms

Tablet, Oral

Suspension, Oral

SUCRALFATE

Suspension, Oral

1 g/10 mL

SUCRALFATE

Tablet, Oral

1g

SUCRALFATE

MOA

(+) forms a protective coating for protection of gastric lining

SUCRALFATE

Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration

Duodenal ulcer

SUCRALFATE

Adverse Reactions

None known

Bezoar formation

hyperglycemia

SUCRALFATE

Key Patient Counseling Points

empty stomach

do not take other meds 2-4 h

Shake suspension

room temperature

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

generic

Benadryl

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Dosage Forms

Vial

Multiple-Dose Vial

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Vial

50 mg/1 mL

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Multiple-Dose Vial

500 mg/10 mL

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration

allergic reactions

adjunct to epinephrine

motion sickness

Parkinsonian syndrome

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

MOA

competes for binding on H1-histamine receptor

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Contraindications

neonates

nursing mothers

local anesthetic

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Adverse Reactions

Dizziness, drowsiness

Anaphylaxis

agranulocytosis

psychosis

necrosis

DIPHENHYDRAMINE

Key Patient Counseling Points

Avoid activities requiring mental alertness

Young children → paradoxical excitation

GENTAMICIN

Dosage Forms

Vial

Solution, IV

GENTAMICIN

Vial

20 mg/2 mL

GENTAMICIN

Solution, IV

60 mg/50 mL, 80 mg/50 mL, 80 mg/100 mL, 100 mg/50 mL, 100 mg/100 mL, 120 mg/100 mL

GENTAMICIN

Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration

gram-negative infections

GENTAMICIN

MOA

30S ribosomal subunit

GENTAMICIN

Dose Adjustment Renal

yes

GENTAMICIN

Box Warnings

Nephrotoxic

neurotoxicity → ototoxicity

avoid use with diuretics or nephrotoxins

monitor levels

pregnancy

GENTAMICIN

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity to aminoglycosides

GENTAMICIN

Adverse Reactions

None known

Neuromuscular blockade

GENTAMICIN

Key Patient Counseling Points

kidney, nerve, or irreversible hearing problems

risk is higher if receiving high doses

MYCOPHENOLATE

generic

CellCept

MYCOPHENOLATE

Dosage Forms

Powder for Solution

MYCOPHENOLATE

Powder for Solution

500 mg

MYCOPHENOLATE

Common FDA Label Indication, Dosing, and Titration

Cardiac transplant rejection

Kidney or liver transplant rejection

MYCOPHENOLATE

MOA

inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase → decreases purine synthesis → lymphocyte proliferation

MYCOPHENOLATE

Dose Adjustment Renal

yes

MYCOPHENOLATE

Box Warnings

Pregnancy

serious infection

malignancies

MYCOPHENOLATE

Contraindications

allergy to polysorbate 80

MYCOPHENOLATE

Adverse Reactions

Abdominal pain

peripheral edema

polyoma virus infection

CMV viremia

malignancy

pure red cell aplasia

MYCOPHENOLATE

Key Patient Counseling Points

pregnancy risk

females birth control - treatment and 6 wk after

Male avoid semen donation - 90 d

low WBC, RBC, and platelet counts

Avoid driving