Studied by 21 people
metaphysics
studies the nature of reality
where did the world come from? is there a God?
epistemology
studies the nature and scope of knowledge
is the world really what i think it is? what is true?
ethics
studies and evaluates human conduct
what is right? what is wrong? how should humans live with one another?
aesthetics
studies the nature of beauty and art
what is beauty? what is beautiful?
deductive argument
beginning with general information to give a specific and usually obvious conclusion
C→A→B or A→B→C
deductive format
idea → observations → conclusion
valid argument
an argument in good order (not necessarily true)
sound argument
when an argument is valid and all its premises are certain
inductive argument
beginning with specific information to make general conclusions
inductive format
observations→ analysis→ theory
either/or fallacy
when someone asserts that we must choose between two things, when in fact we have more than two alternatives
strawman fallacy
misrepresenting someone’s argument to make it easier to attack
slippery slope argument
assuming that if we allow A to happen, Z will happen consequently
false equivalence fallacy
making it seem like two different things appear to be logically equivalent when in fact they are not, even if they share a common trait
hasty generalization fallacy
generalizing about something based on a small or poor sample
begging the question fallacy
a circular argument in which the conclusion is included in the premise
ad hominem
attacking your opponent’s character or personal or physical traits in order to undermine their argument
no true scotsman
redefining a group to exclude relevant criticisms or flaws in the argument
tu quoque
dismissing someone’s argument because he is inconsistent in that very thing
genetic
dismissing something as good or bad due to where or who it comes from
argument from ignorance
assuming something is true because it has not been proven false yet or false because it has not been proven true yet
Note
Flashcard