Earth-Sun-Moon System

New Moon

Occurs between the waning and waxing crescent; from our perspective on Earth, it appears to be invisible

Waxing

The part of the moon we see is getting larger

Tidal Lock

Occurs when the moon rotates at the same speed that it revolves so we only ever see one side of the moon from Earth

Waning

The part of the moon we see is getting smaller

First Quarter Moon

The phase after the waxing crescent that appears to be halfway lit; the left side is dark while the right side is bright

Full Moon

Occurs between the waning and waxing gibbous; from our perspective on Earth, it appears to be fully illuminated

Waning Crescent Moon

The phase after the third quarter moon that is almost invisible, but not quite there yet, but it is getting smaller

Waning Gibbous Moon

The phase after the full moon that is getting smaller after just being fully lit up

Waxing Gibbous Moon

The phase after the first quarter moon that appears to be almost fully lit up, but not quite there yet; the light side is still getting bigger

Gibbous Moon

Occurs between the first quarter and the full moon and the third quarter

Third Quarter Moon

The phase after the waning gibbous moon that is halfway lit; the left side is bright, while the right side is dark

Waxing Crescent Moon

The phase after the new moon where the light side is starting to get bigger

Crescent Moon

Occurs between a new moon and the first quarter and again between the third quarter and the next new moon

Phase

The change in the sunlit are of one celestial body, such as the Moon, as seen from another celestial body, such as the Earth

Why do phases occur?

We are observing different ratios of light to dark on the moon's surface

The moon's orbit is usually _____ or _____ Earth's orbital plane during the Moon's orbit

Above, below

Why do eclipses not occur every time the moon orbits Earth?

The moon's orbital tilt is at a 5° tilt

In order for a solar eclipse to occur, what phase does the moon have to be in?

New Moon

How many solar eclipses occur per year?

Around 2

How many lunar eclipses occur per year?

At least 2

What color does the moon appear to turn during a lunar eclipse?

Reddish

What still reaches the Moon when it passes through the penumbra?

Sunlight

During a partial lunar eclipse, what part of the moon becomes dark?

The part that passes through Earth's shadow

In a partial solar eclipse, how much sunlight does the moon block?

Part of it

TRUE OR FALSE: During an annular solar eclipse, the moon doesn't completely cover the sun

True

Where can total solar eclipses be seen from?

The umbra

How do total solar eclipses occur?

When the Earth, Moon, and Sun are in a straight line

Partial Lunar Eclipse

Occurs when only part of the moon passes through the umbra

Solar Eclipse

When the shadow of the Moon is cast upon the Earth

Total Solar Eclipse

Occurs when the Sun appears to be completely blocked except for a bright halo of light

Total Lunar Eclipse

Occurs when the whole moon passes through the umbra

Penumbral Lunar Eclipse

Occurs when the moon passes through the penumbra

Umbra

Darker, inner part of the shadow created by an object during an eclipse

Penumbra

Lighter, larger shadow created by an object during an eclipse

Lunar Eclipse

When the shadow of Earth is cast upon the Moon

Partial Solar Eclipse

Occurs when people observe a total solar eclipse from the penumbra

Eclipse

Occurs when the shadow of one celestial body falls on another

Annular Solar Eclipse

Occurs when the moon is farther away from Earth in its orbit, and the umbra shadow does not quite reach Earth

Where does Earth's north pole always point to as it revolves around the sun?

Polaris

What is Polaris also called?

The North Star

Horizon

Point where the Earth's surface appears to meet the sky

Solar Noon

The time of when the sun reaches its highest point in the sky

Revolution

The movement of one celestial body around each other

Orbit

The path the object takes as it revolves

Polaris

The star in the sky which the North Pole seems to be pointing towards

Rotation

Spinning on an imaginary line called the axis

How long does it take for Earth to make 1 revolution?

365 1/4 days

What does the Earth revolve around?

The Sun

What does the moon revolve around?

The Earth

The moon appears to move east to west just like the sun but it is also _________ around the Earth at the same time

Revolving

What direction do stars and constellations appear to rise and set in?

East to West

Why can you not see the stars in the daytime?

The Sun is too bright

If you are viewing the Earth from above the North Pole, what direction does Earth appear to rotate?

Counterclockwise

What is the reason for why we experience day and night?

Earth's rotation

How long does Earth's full rotation take?

24 hours

True Or False: The sun does not move across our sky

True

What causes the apparent motion of the Sun?

Earth's rotation

True or False: A solar noon isn't the same thing as 12:00 noon

False