Studied by 3 people
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systematic
research design that presents the strongest level of evidence for all types of questions
RCTs (randomized control trials)
research design with the 2nd-best level of evidence for all types of questions
longitudinal
kind of study that follows subjects through time, measuring data at prescribed intervals
cross-sectional
kind of study that gives a snapshot of a population at one point in time
mechanistic
what kind of study is animal and in-vitro?
case report
study that describes the experience and/or treatment of an individual
case series
study with 1<x<20 individuals, composing of their case studies
case control
kind of study where people with a condition are compared to similar people without the condition
cohort
study that monitors individuals prospectively or retrospectively to assess the development of a disease or other outcome
prospective cohort study
best kind of study to assess prognosis and etiology
randomized control trial
study where a group of similar people are randomly assigned to different treatment groups in order to test the effect of an intervention
meta-analysis
name for when data of many studies in a systematic review are compiled and analyzed as one big study
clinical practice guidelines (CPG)
systematically developed summary of research that includes recommendations for clinical practice
3
what level of evidence is a cohort study?
4
what level of evidence is a case report/case series/case-control study?
5
what level of evidence is mechanistic, like expert opinion or animal studies?
experimental, quasi-experimental, non-experimental
3 kinds of research designs
experimental
kind of design with purposeful manipulation of some variables
quasi-experimental
kind of design with purposeful manipulation of groups of subjects, lacking a control group and/or randomization
non-experimental
kind of research design with no purposeful manipulation of subjects and pre-determine groups
institutional review board
what does IRB stand for?
more than minimal risk to participants, involves sensitive topic, involves minors
when is IRB approval required?
non-invasive research that involves questionnaires or surveys
when would expedited IRB review be reasonable to request?
poses little risk to participants, doesn’t involve a sensitive topic, doesn’t involve minors
when is a study IRB-exempt?
educational settings among normal curriculum
exception to a study not being exempt from the IRB due to involvement of minors
