Lesson 4- Enroute environment

Enroute charts (2)

Low level- <18k’

High level- Class A

Low level

Victor airways (V)

RNAV routes (T)

MTR

VHF routes

Intersections/waypoints

Selected airports

Limits of controlled airspace

Special use airspace

High level

Jet airways

RNAV routes (Q)

VHF navies

Intersections/waypoints

Selected airports

Airports with instrument approaches show up as what colors on the sectional charts?

Green or blue

Reporting points

MEA

Minimum enroute altitude. Assures obstacle clearance along route plus navaid radio coverage.

Non-mountainous= 1k’ of clearance

Mountainous= 2k’ of clearance

MCA

Min. crossing alt. Climb to designated alt. before crossing the fix. (Flag with X)

MRA

Min reception alt. (Flag with R)

MAA

Max reception alt.

COP

Change over point. The middle point between waypoints where you change your station. FROM flying changes to TO flying. Zig zag symbol used to denote this

MOCA

Min. obstacle clearance alt. Has * and navaid reception only within 22nm

OROCA

Off route obstruction clearance alt. Intended for emergencies. Don’t provide same safeties as other routes

MON

Min operational network. Airport has VOR/ILS approaches. Backup for GOS failure

Victor airways

VOR (black)

RNAV airways

GPS (blue)

Altitudes for IFR flight?

Up to 18k’ but not including 18k’ (class a)

West bound- even numbers 14k’, 16k’

East bound- odd 15k’, 17k’

Note- 17500k’ would be considered VFR due to the 500 notation

If you’re advised RADAR SERVICE TERMINATED what should you do?

Resume normal position reporting

What denotes a fix?

VOR, NDB, intersection, radial/DME, GPS fix

3 pieces of info for a hold

Fix

Dir. for the fix

Expected further clearance time

Standard hold

Race car track with Right turns

Inbound leg

When you’re flying toward the fix

Outbound leg

Flying away from the fix

If no published length of legs for the hold exist, how long should they be?

1 minute per leg

Holding speeding limits

Sfc.-6k’- 200kts

6001’-14k’- 230kts

14001+- 265kts

Types of entries in holding patterns

Parallel- Medium

Direct- Large

Teardrop- Small

What do you do when entering or exiting a hold?

Inform ATC when entering and exiting. Keep them aware.

Tipping your HAT to ATC.

Hold entry/exit

Altitude

Time (Zulu)

The 5 T’s

Turn- turn for hold entry

Time- note time/start timer

Twist- twist OBS to inbound course

Throttle- adjust power/mixture

Talk- tell ATC alt. and time