1/19
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
Glycolysis
The process by which glucose is broken down within the cytoplasm of a cell to form pyruvate
Cellular Respiration
The metabolic process by which cells convert nutrients into energy in the form of ATP, utilizing glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain
Aerobic respiration
The process of producing cellular energy involving oxygen, utilizing glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
Energy Investment Phase
First 3 steps of glycolysis; 2 ATP molecules are utilized to phosphorylate glucose, converting it into fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. This molecule is then split into two 3-carbon molecules of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, making it more reactive for subsequent steps.
Cleavage Phase
The second phase of glycolysis where the six-carbon molecule fructose-1,6-bisphosphate is enzymatically split into two three-carbon molecules: dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). DHAP is then rapidly isomerized into another molecule of G3P, ensuring that both resulting
Energy Liberation Phase
The final phase of glycolysis where the cell generates ATP and NADH from the breakdown of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). This phase involves a series of redox reactions and phosphorylations. Each of the two G3P molecules (from the cleavage phase) is converted into pyruvate
Redox
A chemical reaction that involves both reduction and oxidation, electrons are transferred between reactants.
Oxidation
the loss of electrons or increase in oxidation state
Reduction
the gain of electrons or decrease in oxidation state
Metabolism
All the chemical reactions that occur in a cell
Exergonic
a spontaneous chemical reaction that releases free energy breaking bonds
Endergonic
an non-spontaneous chemical reaction requiring energy to make or transport products with more energy
metabolic cycle
Some molecules enter the cycle while others leave. The process is cyclical because it involves a series of organic molecules that are regenerated with each turn of the cycle.
Potential energy
Stored energy that an object has due to its position, state, or configuration.
Kinetic Energy
The energy an object has because of its motion.
Chemical potential energy
The energetic electrons in bonds between atoms
First law of Thermodynamics
Energy cannot be created or destroyed instead transformed or transferred.
Catabolic Reactions
Breakdown larger molecules into smaller ones and are typically exergonic.
Anabolic reactions
Synthesize larger molecules from smaller ones and are typically endergonic.