Nutrients and Homeostasis /Digestive system

True or False

1. Carbohydrates are obtained mostly from oils, margarine, and butter

False, Fats/ Lipids

2. Proteins are the body’s main source of fuel.

False, Carbohydrates

3. Amylase breaks down proteins into disaccharides

False , Starch

4. Lipase breaks down fats into fatty acids

True

5. The process of breaking down the chemical bonds in food is called mechanical digestion.

False, Chemical

6. The liver converts extra sugar to glycogen for storage.

True

Multiple Choice

1. Which of the following is not considered a nutrient?

a. lipid

b. protein

c. energy

d. carbohydrate

c. energy

2. Which of the following is considered as types of carbohydrate?

   a. simple and complex

   b. essential and non essential

   c. saturated and non saturated

   d. fat soluble and water soluble

a. simple and complex

3. Which of the following is considered as types of protein?

a. simple and complex

b. essential and non essential

c. saturated and non saturated

d. fat soluble and water soluble

b. essential and non essential

4. Which of the following is considered as types of fats?

   a. simple and complex

   b. essential and non essential

   c. saturated and non saturated

   d. fat soluble and water soluble

c. saturated and non saturated

5. Which of the following is considered as (types of vitamins)?

a. simple and complex

b. essential and non essential

c. saturated and non saturated

d. fat soluble and water soluble

d. fat soluble and water soluble

6. Which of the following is considered as (monomers of protein)?

a. glucose

b. fatty acid

c. amino acid

d. non

c. amino acid

7. Which of the following is considered as (monomers of fats)?

   a. glucose

   b. fatty acid

   c. aminoacid

   d. none

b. fatty acid

8. Which of the following is considered as (monomers of carbs)?

   a. glucose

   b. fatty acid

   c. aminoacid

   d. non

a. glucose

9. Excess calories and fat in the diet cause all of the following except

   a. obesity.

   b. heart disease.

   c. increase the risk of diabetes and heart disease.

   d. weight loss.

d. weight loss

10. Most of the body’s energy needs should be supplied by dietary

    a. carbohydrates.

    b. fats.

    c. vitamins.

    d. proteins.

a. carbohydrates

11. All essential amino acids

    a. must be obtained from the foods we eat.

    b. are made in our body.

    c. are found in gelatin.

    d. come from enzymes

a. must be obtained from the foods we eat.

12. carbohydrates : energy ::

    a. proteins : insulation for nerve tissue

    b. amino acids : enzymes

    c. fats : protein

    d. fats : muscle

b. amino acids : enzymes

13. Excessive amounts of fat-soluble vitamins such as vitamins A, D,E, and K

    a. lead to excellent health.

    b. can be harmful.

    c. present no problem since they are not stored in the body.

    d. prevent beriberi.

b. can be harmful

14. Vitamin K

    a. is stored in muscle tissue.

    b. assists with calcium uptake.

    c. is found in citrus fruits.

    d. is needed for normal blood clotting

d. is needed for normal blood clotting

15. Vitamins are organic compounds that

    a. play important roles in metabolism.

    b. provide energy for metabolism.

    c. help form cell membranes.

    d. are not obtained from food.

a. play important roles in metabolism.

16. Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?

    •

    a. chemically break down food

    •

    b. mechanically break apart food

    •

    c. absorb nutrient materials

    •

    d. excrete liquid wastes

17. Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system?

    a. chemically break down food

    b. mechanically break apart food

    c. absorb nutrient materials

    d. excrete liquid wastes

d. excrete liquid wastes

18. The last function of the digestive system is

    a. absorption.

    b. ingestion.

    c. elimination.

    d. peristalsis.

c. elimination

19. Enzymes in saliva begin the chemical digestion of

    a. fat.

    b. protein.

    c. carbohydrates.

    d. vitamins

c. carbohydrates

Completion

1. A(n) ____________________ is a substance needed by the body for growth, energy, repair, and maintenance.

nutrient

2. A(n) ____________________ is a unit that indicates the amount of energy contained in a food.

calorie

3. The amino acids that humans are unable to manufacture are called ____________________ amino acids

essential

4. The ____________________ was developed by the USDA as a source of information regarding nutrition.

food guide pyramid

5. Breaking food into molecules small enough for the body to absorb is a major function of the ____________________ system.

digestive

6. Starches are broken down into sugar molecules by enzymes called…..

amylases

7. The mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine are the main organs of the ____________________ system

digestive

Short Answer

1. What are the five basic types of nutrients found in food and beverages?

carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, and minerals.

2. What kind of nutrients consist mainly of simple sugars bonded together?

carbohydrates

3. What are the three major functions of the digestive system?

taking in food, breaking down the food into molecules small enough for the body to absorb, and getting rid of undigested molecules and waste

(digestion, absorbtion, elimination/metabolism)