CHAPTER 3 - Agile Development

Processes, tools

Individuals and interactions over _________ and _____

Documentation

Working software over comprehensive _____________

Contract

Customer collaboration over ________ negotiation

Plan

Responding to change over following a ____

Agility

Effective (rapid and adaptive) response to change

Agility

Effective communication among all stakeholders, Drawing the customer onto the team , Organizing a team so that it is in control of the work performed

Agility

Yielding − Rapid, incremental delivery of software

Agile Process

Is driven by customer descriptions of what is required (scenarios), Recognizes that plans are short-lived

Agile Process

Develops software iteratively with a heavy emphasis on construction activities, Delivers multiple 'software increments', Adapts as changes occur

Early, continuous

Our highest priority is to satisfy the customer through _____ and __________ delivery of valuable software.

Change

Welcome changing requirements, even late in development. Agile processes harness ______ for the customer's competitive advantage.

Frequently

Deliver working software __________, from a couple of weeks to a couple of months, with a preference to the shorter timescale.

Business people

________ ______ and developers must work together daily throughout the project.

Motivated

Build projects around _________ individuals. Give them the environment and support they need, and trust them to get the job done.

Face-to-face

The most efficient and effective method of conveying information to and within a development team is ____-__-____ conversation

Software

Working ________ is the primary measure of progress.

Constant pace

Agile processes promote sustainable development. The sponsors, developers, and users should be able to maintain a ________ ____ indefinitely.

Agility

Continuous attention to technical excellence and good design enhances _______

Simplicity

the art of maximizing the amount of work not done - is essential.

Self-organizing

The best architectures, requirements, and designs emerge from ____-__________ teams.

Reflects

At regular intervals, the team ________ on how to become more effective, then tunes and adjusts its behavior accordingly

Human Factors

The process molds to the needs of the people and team, not the other way around

Extreme Programming

The most widely used agile process, originally proposed by Kent Beck.

Kent beck

he proposed extreme programming

XP Planning

− Begins with the creation of "user stories"

− Agile team assesses each story and assigns a cost

− Stories are grouped to for a deliverable increment

− A commitment is made on delivery date

Project velocity

in xp planning, After the first increment, "_______ ________" is used to help define subsequent delivery dates for other increments

XP Design

− Follows the KIS principle

− Encourage the use of CRC cards

− For difficult design problems, suggests the creation of "spike solutions"—a design prototype

− Encourages "refactoring"—an iterative refinement of the internal program design

spike solutions

In xp design, For difficult design problems, suggests the creation of "_____ _________"—a design prototype

Refactoring = in xp design, Encourages "__________"—an iterative refinement of the internal program design

XP Coding

− Recommends the construction of a unit test for a store before coding commences

− Encourages "pair programming"

XP Testing

− All unit tests are executed daily

− "Acceptance tests" are defined by the customer and executed to assess customer visible functionality

Jim Highsmith

he proposed Adaptive Software Development

Adaptive software development

Distinguishing Features:

− Mission-driven planning

− Component-based focus

− Uses "time-boxing"

− Explicit consideration of risks

− Emphasizes collaboration for requirements gathering

− Emphasizes "learning" throughout the process

Dynamic Systems Development Method

Promoted by the DSDM Consortium (www.dsdm.org)

Dynamic Systems Development Method

Distinguishing Features

Dynamic Systems Development Method

− Similar in most respects to XP and/or ASD

− Nine guiding principles

− Active user involvement is imperative.

− DSDM teams must be empowered to make decisions.

− The focus is on frequent delivery of products.

− Fitness for business purpose is the essential criterion for acceptance of deliverables.

− Iterative and incremental development is necessary to converge on an accurate business solution.

− All changes during development are reversible.

− Requirements are baselined at a high level

− Testing is integrated throughout the life-cycle.

Schwaber and Beedle

they Originally proposed Scrum

Scrum

Distinguishing Features:

− Development work is partitioned into "packets"

− Testing and documentation are on-going as the product is constructed

− Work occurs in "sprints" and is derived from a "backlog" of existing requirements

− Meetings are very short and sometimes conducted without chairs

− "demos" are delivered to the customer with the time-box allocated

Cockburn and Highsmith

they proposed Crystal

Crystal

Distinguishing Features:

− Actually a family of process models that allow "maneuverability" based on problem characteristics

− Face-to-face communication is emphasized

− Suggests the use of "reflection workshops" to review the work habits of the team

Peter Coad et al

proposed Feature Driven Development

Feature driven development

Distinguishing Features

− Emphasis is on defining "features"

○ a feature "is a client-valued function that can be implemented in two weeks or less."

− Uses a feature template

○ the a(n)

− A features list is created and "plan by feature" is conducted

− Design and construction merge in FDD

feature

in feature driven development, it "is a client-valued function that can be implemented in two weeks or less."

Scott Ambler

proposed Agile Modeling

Agile modeling

Suggests a set of Agile Modeling Principles

− Model with a purpose

− Use multiple models

− Travel light

− Content is more important than representation

− Know the models and the tools you use to create them

− Adapt locally