GCSE Edexcel Set Works Review

Flashcards from set work mega glossary

__ is a very loud dynamic/volume.

Fortissimo

__ Places stress and emphasis on a note.

Sforzando/Sfz

__ Tempo Marking - playing at moderate speed

Moderato

__ A fast tempo.

Allegro

__ means playing with expressive and rhythmic freedom.

Rubato/Free tempo

__ bpm Walking Speed

80-100

__ Starting to slow down.

Rallentando

__ Time signature has 4 crotchet beats in the bar.

4/4 Time Signature

__ metre has 3 crotchet beats in a bar.

3/4

__ Emphasises the off beat.

Syncopation

__ Playing three notes in the space of two of the same value.

triplets

__ Rhythms that have dotted notes.

Dotted Rhythms

__ Passages of just semiquavers.

Semiquaver Runs

__ notes worth half a beat are used consistently throughout the piece.

Quavers

__ notes worth one beat that are played short and snappy.

Staccato Crotchets

__ Used at big moments where the instruments pause/hold onto a long note.

Pause Marks

__ Rhythms that use only crotchet/1 beat notes.

Constant Crotchet Rhythms

__ instruments all play the same rhythm

Homorhythmic

__ An introductory melody that is played by brass instruments that represent importance or royalty.

Fanfares

When a piece uses notes of the key it is called __.

Diatonic

Using notes not in the key signature is called __.

Chromaticism

__ When a song in a minor key ends/ or uses the major I chord E.g In Am, playing an A major chord.

Tierce de Picardie

__ A clashing sound.

Dissonance

__ The quality of two musical keys being played simultaneously.

Bitonality

__ A form common with pop music, verse-chorus-verse-chorus-bridge-chorus.

Verse Chorus Form

__ A-B-A structure.

Ternary Form

Introduction, Exposition, Development, Recapitulation, Coda is the structure for __

Sonata Form

__ Verse form- without a chorus.

Strophic/Verse Form

__ When a singer sings nonsensical syllables not words, like 'Ba Ba Ba, Ba Barbaran'

Vocables

__ Using phrases in a piece such as 'ooh's' and 'aah's'

Vocalisation

__ When a melody moves stepwise (to the notes either side of it)

Conjunct

__ When a melody starts before beat 1 of a bar

Anacrusis

__ When a melody uses flourishes of a scale

Scalic

__ Melodic decorations, to develop the melody and make it more interesting.

Ornaments

__ Common type of ornament, repeating 2 notes next to each other rapidly

Trills

__ Short melodic phrase is repeated moving up or down each time.

Sequence

__ A melodic phrase that consists of 6 notes only.

6 note motif

__ A melody that descends/moves downwards by semitones.

Descending chromatic

__ Where the syllables match up with the melodic line

Syllabic

__ When there is one syllable for multiple notes.

Melismatic

__ A musical phrase that represents a character or theme.

Leitmotif

__ A repeating pattern of notes.

Ostinatos

__ A melody that contains leaps, the notes are at a distance from each other

Leaps

__ Two melodies move in opposite directions at the same time.

Contrary Motion

__ Making something musical up on the spot.

Improvisation

__ A continuous slide up and down between 2 notes.

Glissando

__ When you add a short passage of music that originally comes from another piece into your piece of music.

Samples

__ A broken chord/the notes are played separately in the chord one after another.

Arpeggios

__ When music is played multiple times, usually for emphasis

Repetition

__ When the music reflects the lyrical content.

Word Painting

__ A high male vocal range.

Tenor

__ When a Male vocalist uses the high end of his register.

Falsetto

__ A vocal slide that is more subtle than a glissando

Portamento

__ A guitar effect from deliberately using too much gain.

Distortion

__ Literaly 'Large Concerto'.

Concerto Grosso

__ The soloists in a concerto grosso.

Concertino

__ The accompanying section in a concerto gross.

Ripieno

__ An early keyboard instrument where pressing a key plucks a string, not hammers a string like in a piano.

Harpsicord

__ An accompanying part, often consisting of a chordal instrument and a bass instrument. The chords were improvised using figured bass.

Continuo

__ A piano, especially of the kind made in the 18th and early 19th centuries.

Fortepiano

__ Rapid repetition on one note/the note sounds like it is 'trembling'

Tremelo/Tremolando

__ When the hi hat cymbals are closed.

Closed hi-hat

__ The whole of the orchestra plays their instrument

Tutti

__ instrument that creates a high-pitched sound.

Glockenspiel/Synthesizer

__ A predecessor to the cello.

Bass Viol

__ When chords are broken up and played note by note instead of altogether.

Arpeggiated Chords

__ Lyrics such as 'oohs' and 'aahs' that do not create a sentence.

Nonsense Lyrics

__ When the melody/ vocal part mainly uses low pitches.

Low Tessitura

__ When a string instrument plays two notes at once

Double Stopping

__ ensemble that uses all instruments from the musical families.

Symphony Orchestra

__ A particular note in a chord is being played or sung by more than one voice or instrument.

Doubling of parts

__ A woodwind instrument which has a pitch an octave higher than a flute.

Piccolo Melody

__ A percussion instrument consisting of a metal plate that is struck with a softheaded drumstick.

Tam-Tam Stroke

__ Chordal texture, where all the parts are playing the same chords in a similar rhythm

Homophonic

__ A texture with lots of independent 'lines' or melodies

Polyphonic/ Contrapuntal

__ Special type of polyphony that uses imitation

Fugal

__ Instruments play the exact same thing at the same time

Unison

__ Music written using conventional keys and harmony.

Tonal

__ Harmony typical of the western tradition, where the chords follow a logical pattern and each chord has purpose and intent.

Functional Harmony

__ Chords stacked entirely (or mostly) in fourths.

Quartal Harmony

__ Chords that use accidentals/notes not in the key.

Chromatic Chords

__ Chords I-IV and V in a scale

Primary Chords

__ Basic triad with the 7th added.

Extended (7th) Chords

__ A major triad with a flat 7th in it.

Dominant 7th Chords

__ Chord progression that moves down a 5th each time.

Circle of 5ths

__ A chord has been broken/the notes play separately from each other but play one after another.

Broken Chords

__ V-I (5th chord of the scale to the first)

Perfect Cadences

__ Moving down a half tone each time

Descending Chromatic Scale

__ A long held or repeated note played on the tonic or dominant

Pedal Note

__ A long extended note played throughout a piece

Drone

__ A kind of broken chord, where the notes of the chord are presented in the order lowest, highest, middle, highest.

Alberti Bass