Sectoral Movements and Feminist and LGBTQ+ Movements

social movement

joint efforts by citizens, groups and communities
bound by similar goals who organize themselves to act and overcome their condition, tackle social issues together or resist domination.

social movement

According to Anderson and Parker, this is a form of dynamic pluralistic behavior which progressively develops structure through time and aims at partial or complete modification of the social order.

cultural drifts, social disorganization, social injustice

causes of social movements

cultural drifts

A gradual cultural shift occurs when there's an imbalance in the loss of old traditions or the adoption of new ones.

social disorganization

Society is in a state of imbalance and disunity, where people disagree and lack a shared sense of belonging.

social injustice

A situation where the powerful group becomes aware of the unfairness, they cause to others due to their position of power.

the scope of the desired change and the target population of
the change.

Sociologist David Aberle (1966) categorized social movements based on two factors:

alternative, redemptive, reformative, revolutionary

identified four types of social movements:

alternative movements

typically focused on self-improvement
and limited, specific changes to individual beliefs and behavior.
These include things like Alcoholics Anonymous, Mothers Against Drunk Driving (MADD), and Planned Parenthood.

redemptive movements

are "meaning seeking," are focused on a specific segment of the population, and their goal is to provoke inner change or spiritual growth in individuals. Some sects fit in this category.

sometimes called religions movements

redemptive movements are sometimes called

reformative movements

seek to change something specific about
the social structure. They may seek a more limited change, but are targeted at the entire population.

revolutionary movements

seek to completely change every aspect of society—their goal is to change all of society in a dramatic way.

preliminary stage, coalescence stage, institutionalization stage, decline stage

Four Stages of Social Movements

preliminary stage

in this stage people become aware of an issue, and
leaders emerge.

coalescence stage

in this stage, people join together
and organize in order to publicize the issue and raise awareness.

institutionalization stage

the movement no longer requires
grassroots volunteerism: it is an established organization, typically with a paid staff.

decline stage

When people fall away and adopt a new movement, the movement successfully brings about the change it sought, or when people no longer take the issue seriously, the movement falls into this stage

sectoral movements

defined as a movement that are done by different
sectors in the society.

children and youth, labor, urban poor, overseas filipino workers (OFW), indigenous people

concepts of sectoral movements

feminism

is a diverse movement that advocates for equal rights for women in all aspects of life, including social, political, and economic spheres.

1. Equality is the core of feminism.
2. Feminism embodies both beliefs and actions.
3. All aspects of life.
4. Education and Advocacy.
5. Feminism is the appreciation of individual differences.

components of feminism

LGBTQIA+

a term used to describe a person's sexual orientation or gender identity.

sexual orientation

refers to a person's pattern of emotional, romantic, or sexual attraction to others; It's a core part of a person's identity

sexual attraction

the way a person is emotionally, romantically, or
sexually attracted to others, whether it's people of the same gender, different gender, or multiple genders.

sexual behavior

often involving physical intimacy, can serve various
purposes, including reproduction, pleasure, and affection. It can occur alone, with one partner, or with multiple partners, and can involve people of the same or different sex.

sexual identity

how individuals identify and describe their sexual
orientation, including terms like heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, pansexual, asexual, and others.

gender identity

a personal, internal feeling of one's gender. It's how someone
perceives themselves, whether as a woman, a man, both, neither, or something else entirely. This identity may or may not align with the sex assigned at birth.

gender expression

how someone outwardly presents their gender. This includes things like clothing, hairstyle, makeup, body language, and voice. It also involves the name and pronouns they choose. People often form their perception of someone's gender based on these external cues.

homophile, gay liberation, same-sex marriage,

LBTQIA+ movements

homophile movements

Most activism during this period was local, focusing on
creating safe spaces, addressing discrimination in housing and
employment, and encouraging professionals to adopt a more
understanding view of LGBTQ+ people

gay liberation movements

They fostered a sense of community and provided a platform for activism. Their publications and efforts contributed to the rise of new forms of activism, making them essential to the historical progress of the LGBTQ+ rights movement.

same-sex marriage movement

Initially seen as a distant goal, it became a
reality through a combination of legal strategies, social activism, and effective communication. By utilizing both legal channels and public engagement, the movement successfully shifted public opinion and ultimately achieved legal recognition for same-sex marriage across the
United States. This achievement highlights the power of persistent advocacy and strategic approaches in driving social change.