ktra định kì lần 2 CAT

các từ vựng và một số cấu trúc

Cấu trúc Lời khuyên / Đề nghị / Yêu cầu (subjunctive)

Sau “that” + Sb/Sth + (should) + V0 — Example: The doctor recommended that he (should) get more rest.

release (v)

thả ra (người); thải ra (chất, khí); giải ngân (tiền) — Example: The prisoner was released after five years.

correspondence (n)

thư từ, giao tiếp bằng thư — Example: We kept up a regular correspondence after she moved abroad.

remain in contact (phrase)

vẫn còn giữ liên lạc — Example: We promised to remain in contact after graduation.

bear out (phr.v)

xác nhận lời nói/lời kể thông qua bằng chứng — Example: The evidence bears out his story.

bring about (v)

gây ra — Example: The new policy brought about significant changes.

take over (phr.v)

tiếp quản công việc/công ty — Example: She took over the company after her father's retirement.

put through (phr.v)

kết nối máy điện thoại với ai đó — Example: Could you put me through to the manager?

ridge (n)

sườn núi — Example: We walked along the mountain ridge at sunrise.

at dusk (phrase)

vào lúc hoàng hôn, gần tối — Example: We arrived at the village at dusk.

minister (n)

bộ trưởng — Example: The minister announced a new education policy.

do little to do sth (phrase)

gần như chẳng làm được gì — Example: The new measures did little to reduce pollution.

substantial (adj)

đáng kể, lớn — Example: The company made a substantial profit last year.

reform (n)

sự cải cách — Example: The government introduced major economic reforms.

arouse (v)

khơi dậy (nỗi sợ, sự tò mò,…) — Example: The strange noise aroused my curiosity.

invoke (v)

trích dẫn luật để bào chữa/tác động lên sự kiện; cầu khẩn sự trợ giúp/thần linh — Example: The lawyer invoked an old law to defend his client.

elicit a response from sb (phrase)

khơi gợi một phản ứng từ ai đó — Example: The question elicited an angry response from the audience.

allay (v)

xoa dịu nỗi sợ, sự lo lắng — Example: The government tried to allay public fears.

the valley (n)

thung lũng — Example: A small river runs through the valley.

sensor (n)

cảm biến — Example: The device has a sensor that detects movement.

sensitivity (n)

độ nhạy — Example: The camera's sensitivity can be adjusted manually.

adjust (v)

điều chỉnh — Example: You can adjust the temperature using this button.

remotely (adv)

từ xa — Example: The machine can be controlled remotely.

Mệnh đề quan hệ

the + noun + of + which (vật) / whom (người) — Example: She met several students, two of whom were from Japan.

at the outset (phrase)

vào lúc ban đầu — Example: At the outset, we had no idea how difficult the project would be.

anomaly (n)

điểm bất thường — Example: Scientists noticed an unusual anomaly in the data.

scrutinize (v)

xem xét kỹ lưỡng — Example: The committee scrutinized every detail of the proposal.

dismiss (v)

bác bỏ — Example: The judge dismissed the accusation as completely unfounded.

sufficient (adj)

đầy đủ — Example: We have sufficient evidence to support our claim.

on the grounds that + Sb/Sth + V (phrase)

với lý do là — Example: The application was rejected on the grounds that it was incomplete.

lay the foundation(s) for sth (phrase)

đặt nền tảng cho điều gì đó — Example: Education lays the foundation for a successful career.

inscription (n)

dòng chữ khắc trên đá,… — Example: The ancient inscription was carved into the stone.

call into question (phrase)

đặt ra nghi vấn cho — Example: The new evidence calls his theory into question.

put up with (phr.v)

chịu đựng được sự khó khăn, khó chịu — Example: I can't put up with this noise anymore.

make do with (phr.v)

xoay xở với điều gì đó có sẵn — Example: We had to make do with the food we had.

fall back on (phr.v)

nhờ đến điều gì đó như một phương án dự phòng — Example: If the plan fails, we can fall back on our savings.

long-standing (adj)

lâu đời, kéo dài trong một khoảng thời gian dài — Example: The two countries have a long-standing friendship.

have difficulty (in) doing sth (phrase)

gặp khó khăn khi làm gì đó — Example: I had difficulty understanding the instructions.

reconcile (v)

dung hòa sự mâu thuẫn — Example: It is difficult to reconcile these two conflicting ideas.

assumption (n)

giả định — Example: His decision was based on a false assumption.

conflicting (adj)

mâu thuẫn với nhau — Example: The witnesses gave conflicting accounts of the incident.

coherent (adj)

nhất quán — Example: She presented a clear and coherent argument.

simplistic (adj)

hơi đơn giản quá mức — Example: The problem is more complicated than this simplistic explanation suggests.

biased (adj)

thiên vị — Example: The article was criticized for being biased.

categorical (adj)

dứt khoát — Example: She gave a categorical denial of the accusation.

superficial (adj)

hời hợt — Example: His analysis of the problem was too superficial.

nuanced (adj)

tinh tế, đa chiều, nhiều chiều — Example: The book provides a nuanced view of modern society.

unintended consequence (n)

hậu quả ngoài ý muốn — Example: The new law had several unintended consequences.

success story (n)

câu chuyện về sự thành công — Example: The company has become a remarkable success story.

successful story (n)

câu chuyện thành công, bán chạy/nhiều người đọc — Example: Her novel became a successful story among young readers.

spiral out of control (phrase)

tăng/vọt lên ngoài tầm kiểm soát — Example: The situation quickly spiralled out of control.

float (v)

nổi — Example: The boat continued to float on the water.

drift (v)

trôi — Example: The boat drifted slowly towards the shore.

roll (v)

cuộn, lăn — Example: The ball rolled down the hill.

manuscript (n)

bản thảo — Example: She spent months editing her manuscript.

monastery (n)

tu viện — Example: The ancient monastery stands on top of the hill.

is/are believed to do sth

được tin là đang/hiện làm gì — Example: He is believed to live somewhere in London.

is/are believed to have V3

được tin là đã làm gì (present+past) — Example: She is believed to have left the country.

was/were believed to do sth

được tin là đã/đang làm gì trong quá khứ (past+present) — Example: He was believed to be innocent at the time.

was/were believed to have V3

được tin là đã làm gì trước một thời điểm trong quá khứ (past+past)— Example: He was believed to have stolen the money.

objective (n)

mục tiêu — Example: Our main objective is to improve customer satisfaction.

at cross purposes (idiom)

mâu thuẫn, trái ngược với nhau — Example: We were talking at cross purposes and misunderstood each other.

under pressure (phrase)

chịu áp lực — Example: She works well even under pressure.

terse (adj)

cụt ngủn, ngắn gọn — Example: His reply was rather terse.

brief and abrupt (adj)

ngắn gọn, đột ngột — Example: His brief and abrupt response surprised everyone.

apologetic (adj)

xin lỗi, có vẻ áy náy — Example: He sounded apologetic when he called.

misleading (adj)

gây hiểu lầm — Example: The advertisement was misleading.

stringent (adj)

nghiêm khắc, khắt khe — Example: The company has introduced stringent safety regulations.

rigorous (adj)

nghiêm ngặt — Example: The students went through rigorous training.

exacting (adj)

đòi hỏi khắt khe — Example: The job involves meeting exacting standards.

lenient (adj)

khoan dung, không khắt khe — Example: The teacher is quite lenient with her students.

binding (adj)

có tính ràng buộc — Example: The agreement is legally binding.

long-term (adj)

dài hạn, lâu dài — Example: We need a long-term solution to this problem.

floodplain (n)

đồng bằng ngập lũ — Example: Many farmers live and work on the floodplain.

identical (adj)

giống hệt nhau — Example: The two sisters were wearing identical dresses.

anonymous (adj)

ẩn danh — Example: An anonymous donor gave the school a large amount of money.

anonymity (n)

sự ẩn danh — Example: The internet allows people to maintain a certain level of anonymity.

divulge (v)

tiết lộ — Example: He refused to divulge any information about the investigation.

distort (v)

bóp méo sự thật — Example: The media should not distort the facts.

verify (v)

xác minh — Example: Please verify the information before publishing it.

suppress (v)

kìm nén — Example: She tried to suppress her anger.

reveal (v)

tiết lộ ≠ conceal (v): che giấu — Example: The investigation revealed the truth.

snap at sb (phr.v)

cáu gắt với ai đó — Example: I'm sorry I snapped at you earlier.

That makes two of us (idiom)

Tôi cũng thế — Example: “I have no idea what he's talking about.” “That makes two of us.”

take a rain check (idiom)

hẹn sang bữa khác — Example: Can I take a rain check on dinner tonight?

panel (n)

hội đồng — Example: A panel of experts reviewed the proposal.

regard sb/sth as adj (phr.v)

xem ai đó/cái gì đó như thế nào đó — Example: She is widely regarded as one of the best doctors in the country.

By the time + present simple, future perfect

By the time + S + V(s/es), S + will have V3 — Example: By the time you arrive, I will have finished my work.

By the time + past simple, past perfect

By the time + S + V2/ed, S + had V3 — Example: By the time I arrived, they had already left.

auditor (n)

kiểm toán viên — Example: The auditor examined the company's financial records.

inventory (n)

bản kiểm kê — Example: We need to check the inventory before ordering more products.

spokesperson (n)

phát ngôn viên — Example: A government spokesperson answered questions from reporters.

under way (phrase)

đang diễn ra — Example: The construction work is already under way.

noncommittal (adj)

không đưa ra lập trường rõ ràng — Example: He gave a noncommittal answer when asked about the plan.

conclusive (adj)

mang tính kết luận, có tính quyết định — Example: There is no conclusive evidence that he committed the crime.

outspoken (adj)

thẳng thắn — Example: She is known for being outspoken about social issues.

exhaustive (adj)

chi tiết, toàn diện — Example: The report provides an exhaustive analysis of the problem.

Much as + Sb/Sth + V

mặc dù — Example: Much as I admire him, I disagree with his decision.

draw a conclusion from sth (phrase)

đưa ra kết luận từ điều gì đó — Example: We cannot draw a conclusion from such limited evidence.

far-reaching (adj)

có ảnh hưởng sâu rộng — Example: The decision could have far-reaching consequences.