Phlebotomy pt 4 and lab procedures

Capillary

Carries both oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Maximum depth of a lancet

2.0 mm.

How to collect blood in a microcollection container

Gently tap each container, allow blood to fall into the tube, and mix with the anticoagulant.

Bone contact during puncture causes

Osteomyelitis.

Maximum heel puncture depth for infants

2.3 mm.

Order of draw for capillary collection

1. Special collections (Bilirubin and Infant Blood Spot Test) 2. EDTA (Pink or Purple tube) 3. Heparin (Green tube) 4. Serum (Red or Gold top).

Capillary tube tests examples

Iron level and Hematocrit.

Iron level

Too little iron in the blood causes anemia.

Hematocrit

Percentage of red blood cells in the blood.

Capillary tube fills via

Capillary action.

Capillary action

Blood naturally pulls into the tube because both ends are open.

Site for capillary puncture (1 year and older)

Use middle or ring finger.

Site for capillary puncture (under 1 year)

Use medial or lateral plantar surface of the heel.

Technique for collecting blood

Use the perpendicular technique.

Clean skin with

70% isopropyl alcohol or chlorhexidine (no iodine).

Step 5 of collection procedure

Warm the site to increase blood flow.

Step 6 of collection procedure

Puncture the site.

Step 7 of collection procedure

Wipe away the first drop due to tissue contamination.

How to apply pressure to the finger

Apply even pressure.

Labeling requirements

Include patient name, date of birth, date, time, and initials.

Bilirubin

Amber-colored sample.

Infant blood spot test detects

Phenylketonuria (PKU), Galactosemia, Hypothyroidism, and Cystic Fibrosis.

Instructions for blood spot test

Allow blood to saturate the paper completely and send it to the state for testing.

Tests not included in capillary puncture

Blood culture, Yellow tube, and Light blue tube.

Examples of CLIA-waived testing

hCG (pregnancy), POCT (Point of Care Testing), Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), Fecal Occult Blood, Drug testing, Strep or Flu, Mononucleosis, and RSV.

Symptoms of Mononucleosis

Extreme fatigue, cold-like symptoms.

Symptoms of Rapid Strep

Sore throat, cold-like symptoms.

Symptoms of Flu A or B

Body aches, fever, cold-like symptoms.

How to collect a strep test

Swab the throat while avoiding the tongue.

How to collect a flu test (A or B)

Swab both nostrils.

ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate)

Tests for inflammation in the body.

How to collect ESR

Perform a venipuncture and collect in a pink or purple top tube.

Fecal Occult Blood Test

Detects imperceptible (hidden) blood in the stool.