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A molecule that has regions of positive and negative charge
An interaction between a hydrogen atom with a slight positive charge and an electronegative atom of another molecule. In the case of water, these form between the hydrogen atom of one water molecule and oxygen atom of another water molecule.
Tendency of water molecules to stick to one another due to hydrogen bonding with one another.
The tendency of water molecules to stick to other polar or charged molecules.
A measure of the difficulty of breaking the surface of a liquid
The amount of heat required per unit mass of a substance to raise the temperature of the mass by 1 degree Celsius.
A substance that can dissolve another substance
A molecule that donates H+ ions to a solution. When the concentration of hydrogen ions is greater than the concentration of hydroxide ions, the pH is acidic.
A molecule that accepts H+ ions and removes them from the solution. When the concentration of hydrogen ions is less than the concentration of hydroxide ions, the solution is basic or alkaline.
A measure of the acidity of a solution. It ranges from 0 to 14 and is calculated by the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration.
A reaction in which a water molecule is released by the two reacting molecules as a new covalent bond is formed between them. They build large molecules from smaller subunits.
A reaction that adds water across a covalent bond and breaks the covalent bond. They break down larger molecules into smaller, simpler molecules.