Nationalism 19th century

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34 Terms

1

nationalism

Sense of pride and devotion to one's nation

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2

Franz Joseph I

emperor of Austria in 1848 & eventual monarch of Austria-Hungary

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3

Alexander II

Czar who freed the serfs

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4

Austro-Prussian War

Conflict that destroyed the German Confederation

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5

Magyars

Hungarian ethnic group who fought for independence in Hungary

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6

Victor Emmanuel

King of Sardinia prior to Italy's unification and then king of Italy once united

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7

Mazzini / Young Italy

Attracted tens of thousands of Italians to the cause of unification

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8

Franco-Prussian War

Conflict that resulted in the unification of Germany; France had to give up Alsace & Lorraine

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9

autocracy

Government by one ruler with unlimited power

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10

serfs

People considered part of the land on which they work

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11

Frederick Wilhelm IV

Promised a constitution and other reforms for Prussia as king

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12

Balkan Wars

Beginning in 1912 and resulted in the Ottoman Empire's loss of most of its land in Europe

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13

realpolitik

Philosophy about government that was practical rather than idealistic

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14

Bloody Sunday

massacre of Russian protesters that led to the Russian Revolution of 1905

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15

Giuseppe Garibaldi

The "sword" of Italy & led unification in southern Italy

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16

Vladimir Lenin

A Russian Marxist revolutionary who supported the overthrow of the czar

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17

Zollverein

Created an economic alliance between some German states

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18

Young Turks

Nationalist group in the Ottoman Empire

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19

Russo-Japanese War

started in 1904 between Russia & Japan; defeat in this war added to unrest in Russia

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20

Red Shirts

Guiseppe Garibaldi's volunteers who fought for him in Southern Italy

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21

Camillo di Cavour

Prime minister of independent Kingdom of Sardinia & led unification in northern Italy

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22

ethnic

relating to a population subgroup (within a larger or dominant national or cultural group) with a common national or cultural tradition

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23

Otto von Bismarck

conservative Prussian statesman who dominated German and European affairs from the 1860s until 1890; believed it was Prussia's destiny to lead Germany to unity

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24

Wilhelm I

Prussian king who chose Bismarck as prime minister

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25

Crimean War

military conflict fought from October 1853 to March 1856 in which the Russian Empire lost to an alliance of France, Britain, the Ottoman Empire, and Sardinia; destroyed the Concert of Europe

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26

Dual Monarchy

the joining of Austria and Hungary to create Austria-Hungary, two separate, equal states under one ruler, the Austrian emperor

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27

Duma

a Russian assembly with advisory or legislative functions for approving all laws

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28

Trans-Siberian Railroad

the longest railway in the world. It was built between 1891 and 1916 to connect Moscow with the Far-East city of Vladivostok

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29

pogroms

widespread violent attacks by ethnic Russians against Jews

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30

socialist republic

a form of government in which the state owns and distributes all goods to the people and there is no private property

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31

nation

a group of people that share common beliefs, culture, language, or other characteristic living in same geographic location

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32

state

a group of people living in defined borders, under a functioning government

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33

nation-state

a group of people sharing common beliefs, cultures, language, or other characteristic living in a defined area with a functioning government

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34

Nicholas II

became czar in 1894 & was the last czar of Russia

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