Pharmacology Chapter 21 test review ✅

Antihistamine

Drug that treats allergic disorders, upper respiratory tract infections and common cold?

Benadryl, Claritin, Allegra

Examples of Antihistamine

Kidneys

What is the most common site for drug excretion?

Thrombolytics

Drugs that dissolve thrombi (clots) that have already formed?

Diuretic

Which drug increases the amount of urine excreted by kidneys, removing sodium and water from body?

Lasix

Examples of Diuretic?

Vasodilators

Drugs that treat vascular disease and angina? (cause blood vessels to dilate)

Anesthetic

Which drug reversibly depress neuronal function, producing loss of ability to perceive pain/sensations?

Propofol / xylocaine/lidocaine

Examples of Anesthetic

Antidiabetic

Which drug treats diabetes?

• Type 1 (insulin absent)

• Type 2 (insulin deficiency)

2 types of diabetes

Insulin

What medicine does type 1 diabetics use?

Metformin (glucophage)

What medicine does type 2 diabetics use?

Movement of a drug from site of administration into the blood

Define drug absorption?

-amount of time needed to absorb

-must advance from its dosage form into a form that makes it biologically available

-must be made up of the same components as those at its intended absorption site

-must penetrate the cell membrane

What types of things contribute to how a drug is absorbed?

Antiarrhythmics

Which drug treats arrhythmias?

Reduce the symptoms associated with chronic inflammatory disorders

Corticosteriods do what?

Laxative

Which drug promotes the passage of feces?

-Age

-Time of day

-Presence of a disease

-Genetics

-Sex

-Weight

Route

Name the factors that can affect/alter a patient's response to a drug.

Anticonvulsants

Drug that prevents or controls the occurrence of seizures.

Endocrine system

Hormones are drugs that affect the?

Anticoagulent

Which drug inhibits clotting?

Heparin (Lovenox)

Give an example of parenteral

Antiemetic

Which drug prevents and treats nausea & vomiting?

Lowers cholesterol

What does the drug antihyperlipidemic do?

It is injected

What does parenteral administration of drugs mean?

Analgesic

Which drug relieves pain without causing loss of consciousness?

The processes that controls absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs by the body

Describe the term pharmacokinetics.

Bronchodilator

Which drug treats asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) diseases?

Albuterol

Short term bronchodilator

Tiotropium (spiriva)

Long acting Bronchodilator

Antihypertensives

What drug treats hypertension (high BP)?

Reduce fever and anti-inflammatory actions

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to?

The particular area for which a drug is intended and that receives the maximum effect of the drug

What is a drug receptor?

Vasoconstrictor

Which drug causes blood vessels to constrict, increasing heart action and raising BP?

Norepinephrine (Levophed)

Example of Vasoconstrictor

When a drug is changed from a tablet into a liquid before it passes into the circulatory system and taken to it's intended site in order to act

What is bioavailability?

Liver

What is the most common site for drug metabolism?

Sedatives/hypnotics

Which drug produces varying degrees of CNS depression (mild sedation - sleep)?

When one or more drugs are dissolved in a liquid carrier

Define the dosage form "solution".

Hemorrhage or speed up coagulation

Coagulant drugs control?

Antianxiety

What drug is used in the treatment of anxiety?

Midazolam (Versed)

Example of Antianxiety medicine

Tablet

Which dosage form is a granulated drug which has been compressed into a solid?

General anesthesia

Which level of sedation is the patient not arousable, requires ventilation and their cardiovascular function may be impaired?

Prescription

Which legal classification of drugs requires documentation that specifies:

-Name of the drug

-Name of patient

-Dosage

Brand

The _____________ name is given to a drug manufactured by a specific company.

Anticholinergics

Which drug reduces small muscle tone, motility of the GI tract & secretions from respiratory tract/secretory glands?

Stimulant

What drug increases activity?

Methylphenidate (Ritalin)

Examples of a CNS stimulant

Deep sedation

This level of sedation involves a drug-induced depression of consciousness.

-Patient cannot be easily aroused

-May need oxygen

-Heart function is fine

Antibiotic

What drug kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms?

When a drug acts on tissues other than those intended and causes a response unrelated to the intended action

What is meant by a side effect when taking a drug?

Idiosyncratic reaction

What is it called when a patient has an abnormal response to a drug caused by individual genetic difference?

What are the two groups of analgesic?

1. Nonopiods (nonnarcotic)

2. Opioids (narcotic)