Naming Basic Carbon Chains and Substituents

single carbon

methane (CH4); methyl (CH3-)

2 carbon long chain

ethane; ethyl

3 carbon long chain

propane; propyl

4 carbon long chain

butane; butyl

5 carbon long chain

pentane; pentyl

6 carbon long chain

hexane; hexyl

7 carbon long chain

heptane; heptyl

8 carbon long chain

octane; octyl

9 carbon long chain

nonane; nonyl

10 carbon long chain

decane; decyl

vinyl

allyl

isopropyl

secondary butyl (sec-butyl)

tertiary butyl (tert-butyl)

isobutyl