Ointments excipients and their role

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6 Terms

1
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Vehicle base

  • Oleaginous, absorption, water-removable, water-soluble base

  • Forms main structure; provides medium for API

2
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Stabilisers

  • Antioxidants e.g., BHT and preservatives e.g., parabens

  • Preserve API stability and prevent degradation

3
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Penetration Enhancers

  • Ethanol and DMSO

  • Increase skin permeability to enhance API absorption

4
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Emulsifiers

  • Sorbitan esters and polysorbates

  • Facilitate mixing of oil and water phases and prevent separation

5
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Thickeners

  • Hydroxyethyl cellulose and carbomers

  • Increase viscosity for better texture and spreadability

6
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Humectants

  • Glycerin and hyaluronic acid

  • Retain moisture of skin

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