Lecture 7

motherhood

reveres mothers but only to the extent that they conform to dominant ideas of what mothers should be

18th

motherhood ideology greatly strengthened in the ______ century

serve, children, household

mothers should:
_______ their husbands
take care of the ________
manage the ________

home, socialized

Western patriarchy began at ______, where children are ________

religions

helped spread patriarchy

gendered, power

Judeo-Christian religions are ______ and suggest men should hold positions of ________

rules

religions have formal ______ preventing women from being priests, rabbis, imams

media

dominant Western ______ have helped spread patriarchy

patriarchal

colonial officials were men and therefore tried to create ________ societies

good

organization in Belgian colonies tried to teach colonized women hot to be "_________" wives to fit the idea of Victorian motherhood

Stevenson

First Nations scholar who considers colonialism and patriarchy in Canada

autonomy, power

precolonialism, indigenous women had considerable economic ________ and _______

agricultural, household, positions

before colonialism, indigenous women were the main ________ producers, ran their ________, had powerful political ________

equality

before colonialism, there was relative gender ________

matrilineal

system that traces descendance through mothers not fathers and husbands would move in with wives

disempowered

colonialism ________ indigenous women in many ways

Indian Act

gave greater legal rights to men and if women married a non-indigenous man, they lost their status/rights

missionaries

taught christianity from a very patriarchal view

christianity, receptive

indigenous women did not like _________ because of its patriarchal views but men were more ________

resistance, resenting

because they faced great ________ from indigenous women, missionaries started ________ them

negative

missionaries created a ________ discourse surrounding indigenous women

think, opposite, dependent

at first, Europeans didn't know what to ______ of indigenous women because they were the _______ of the "domesticized" idea of women but at the same time traders were ________ on indigenous women

idealized, negative

2 dual representations of indigenous women:
1. princess: _______ view of them helping out men -> Pocahontas
2. squaw drudge: _______ view, sexually licentious/ugly/beasts/slave to men

squaw, racist

the ______ drudge view came to dominate European discourses and it became a ________ ideology

policy

the squaw drudge discourse was used to inform _______ disempowering and discriminating against indigenous women

dehumanizes

the squaw drudge discourse devalues and ___________ indigenous women

democracy, women

patriarchy is a particular power configuration that obstructs ________ by limiting the influence of ________

pluralism

bureaucratic organizations are needed to organize the pluralization of interests

Foucault

thought that bureaucratic organizations are powerful discipliners that disempower people by removing their power and limiting their participation

Weber

believed that bureaucracy both promotes and limits democracy

organizations

we can't have a functioning democracy without _________

iron cage

people just follow rules, lack of self-motivation and moral autonomy

Robert Michels

developed the iron law of oligarchy + founding figure of elite theory

socialist, Mussolini

Robert Michels was discriminated against in Germany because he was a ________ and decided to move to Italy to work for ________

elite theory

theory claiming that a small elite controls the reigns of power through (bureaucratic) organizations

Marx

saw the elites with power as capitalists

organizations, few

Michels thought that ________ were the main source of power in modern society and that it concentrates the power in the hands of a _______

democratic

Michels believed that democracy was impossible if parties weren't _________

bureaucracy

Michels blamed the lack of democracy in parties on _________

law

some view the Iron Law of Oligarchy close to a social ______

Iron Law of Oligarchy

the people who control organizations have immense power and this prevents democracy

hierarchy

bureaucracy provides rules and regulations that enforce ________ and protects it

spread, hide

bureaucratic elites can ______ the info they want but _____ the info they don't want

power

information = __________

exploit

bureaucratic elites know the rules so it is easy for them to ________ them

leadership, positions

bureaucratic elites' _____ skills use them to keep their ________