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Absolute Zero
Temp at which all molecular movement stops.
Celsius
Metric unit for temp.
Conduction
Transfer of TE by directly touching molecules.
Convection
Transfer of TE by currents of rising & sinking molecules.
Direct Rays
Solar radiation at a 90 degree angle.
Fahrenheit
US unit for temperature.
Fluid
Any substance that flows (gas OR liquid).
Gas
Phase of matter with the most TE / kinetic molecule movement.
Indirect Rays
Solar rays at an angle greater than 90 degrees.
Heat
The transfer of TE from warmer to cooler molecules.
Temperature
A measure of the TE (average kinetic energy) of matter in an area.
Insulator
Materials (air, wool, plastic) that do not conduct heat well.
Kelvin
Unit of temperature used only in science labs.
Radiation
Transfer of energy by pure energy waves.
Thermometer
A tool that measures the TE of molecules it touches.
Global Winds
Air currents (ex. Jet Stream) that flow around Earth & balance heat.
Global Currents
Ocean currents (ex. Gulf Stream) that flow around Earth & balance heat.
Coriolis Effect
Swirling of air & ocean currents due to Earth's rotation.
Greenhouse Effect
The trapping of heat/TE by gases in Earth's atmosphere.
Atmosphere
The mixture of gases that surrounds a planet.
Hydrosphere
All the water on earth (97% is in oceans).
Lithosphere
The solid, outer layer of the earth (includes the crust & upper part of the mantle).
Wind
Air currents (moving air) caused by convection + rotation of the earth.
Equilibrium
A state of balance (heat, density, pressure, etc.)
Global Warming
An increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere (causing climatic changes).
