Science 2.2 What Are Spore Reproducing Plants?”

rhizoids

rootlike structures of a non-vascular plant that anchors it to a surface + enables the plant to absorb water + nutrients

rhizomes

an underground, horizontal stem of ferns + other plants that contain vascular tissue for transporting water + nutrients

spore reproducing plants

- grouped into 6 of the 12 divisions of Kingdom Plantae

Bryophyta, Hepaticophyta, Anthocerophyta, Pteridophyta, Lycophyta, Equisetophyta

bryophyta

- made up of mosses w/ thin leaves that have one layer of cells to conduct photosynthesis
- found growing on soft + thick variety of surfaces (ex: forestfloors, tree trunks
- non - vascular (lack xylem + phloem)
- leaf life structures on stem

Liverwort

a moss that used to be mixed w/ division Bryophyta but later ended up in division Hepaticophyta due to advanced technology

hornwort

a moss that used to be mixed w/ division Bryophyta but later ended up in division Anthocerophyta due to advanced technology

leaf structures and rhizoids

things that helped identify what division spore producing plants belong in

pteridophyta

- made up of ferns
- vascular plant
- found on land, water, + other plants
- grow 2 cm - 25 m tall
- have true roots that are branched, thin, + irregular in their appearance
- roots grow laterally from rhizomes
-the largest division of vascular plants
that reproduce w/ spores

frond

- leaf of a fern that sprouts anywhere along rhizome
- it can emerge from the soil as tight-coiled fiddleheads that gradually unfurl (its curled shape to protect as it grows)

lycophyta

a division of spore producing vascular plants

ex: club mosses + spike mosses

Equisetophyta

a division of spore producing vascular plants

ex: horsetail

horsetail

- equisetophyta division
- can grow 30 cm - 10 m
- have underground rhizomes
- ancient Romans used it to make tea + food