Degenerative Disorders Overview

Osteoporosis

Most common bone degenerative disease with aging

Osteoclast

Cell activity surpasses osteoblast activity in bone

Osteoarthritis

Joint degeneration associated with aging

Synovial Joint

Type of joint with moderate mobility

Arthropathy

General term for joint disorders

Bone Remodeling

Bone destruction and reconstruction process

Calcitonin

Hormone involved in bone health and calcium regulation

Parathyroid Hormone

Regulates calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood

Synarthrosis

Immobile type of joint

Diarthrosis

Highly mobile type of joint

Osteopenia

Trabecular matrix thinning precursor to osteoporosis

Heberden's Nodes

Swelling at distal interphalangeal joint in OA

Bouchard's Nodes

Swelling at proximal interphalangeal joint in OA

Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA)

Measures bone mineral density for osteoporosis diagnosis

FRAX Risk Assessment

Predicts 10-year fracture risk in osteoporosis

Vertebroplasty

Procedure injecting bone cement into fractured vertebrae

Osteotomy

Surgical procedure to correct bone alignment

Arthroplasty

Replacement of deteriorated joint with prosthetic device

Alendronate

Bisphosphonate used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's disease

Calcitonin Salmon

Balances PTH effects, lowers serum calcium levels

Osteocalcin

Bone protein indicating bone breakdown

Hyaluronic Acid

Serum marker for osteoarthritis

Osteophytes

Bone spurs in joints, indicative of OA

NSAIDs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain relief

Chondroitin Sulfate

Dietary supplement for OA joint health