Adjective (Romanian Grammar) - Vocabulary Flashcards

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A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts about Romanian adjectives: definition, classifications, agreement rules, positions, intensification, and special forms.

Last updated 8:46 AM on 8/26/25
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13 Terms

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Adjectivul

In Romanian grammar, the adjective is the class of words that modify a noun (or its substitute), agrees with it, and limits its extension by providing specific information.

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Adjective primare (primary)

A traditional category of adjectives that are simple base forms (e.g., albastru).

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Adjective derivate

Adjectives that are formed from other words or bases (e.g., bărbătos).

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Adjectiv prin conversiune

Adjectives obtained by conversion from other parts of speech (e.g., pământ încălzit – adjectiv participial; mână tremurândă – adjectiv gerunzial; acest/Băiat/Nicăun băiat – adjective pronominale).

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Adjectiv calificativ

A semantic class of adjectives that express traits or qualities (e.g., deștept, curajos, frumos).

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Adjectiv relaționale

Adjectives that indicate relations between nouns (e.g., cutie metalică, rasă canină).

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Adjectiv determinativ

Adjectives that determine or quantify a noun; includes demonstrative, possessive, some indefinite (fiecare), and numerical adjectives with adjectival value.

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Neuter (genera) hybrid

In Romanian, neuter is a hybrid gender for some adjectives, so agreement with neuter nouns uses masculine singular in singular and feminine plural in plural; neuter itself is not a distinct gender for adjectives.

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Poziții sintactice ale adjectivului – atribut adjectival

Adjectives typically appear as attributive adjectives, modifying a noun (ex: Cartea interesantă).

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Poziții sintactice suplimentare

Besides the attributive position, adjectives can be predicative (Cartea este interesantă), predicativ suplimentar (Ea dormea liniștită), or part of a prepositional/circumstantial phrase (Din verde s-a făcut galbenă).

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Gradele de intensitate

The degrees of intensity: pozitiv (positive), comparativ (comparative), superioritate (cel mai deștept); egalitate (tot atât de deștept); inferioritate (mai puțin deștept); superlativ (cel mai deștept); absolut (foarte, tare, prea, etc.).

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Superlativul absolut

Expresses the maximum degree of a quality without a relation to others; formed with adverbs, prefixes/suffixes, repetition, and other constructions (e.g., foarte deștept, extraordinar de deștept).

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Incompatibilitatea intensității

Some adjectives cannot take intensity forms because of their meaning (e.g., enorm, infinit) or because they already express a relative/intensity concept (e.g., anterior, superior, exterior).