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What is the meaning of law
A set of rules officially recognised
How are laws enforced
Court and police systems
What is the legal system
System of courts prosecutors and police
What is equality
Same rights or status for all
Example of equality in law
Children under 10 cannot be held legally accountable
What is doli incapax
Incapable of wrong
What is procedural fairness
Fair processes to resolve disputes
What is natural justice
Everyone treated fairly with right to be heard and unbiased decision maker
What is the rule of law
No one is above the law
Why do people obey laws
Sanctions deter crime
What is tyranny
Oppressive rule without lawful limits
What is the executive
Carries out laws via government agencies
What is the legislature
Makes and changes the law
What is the judiciary
Interprets the law and administers justice
What is common law
Law developed by judges for consistency
What is binding precedent
Lower courts must follow higher court decisions
What is persuasive precedent
Not binding but influential
What is the adversarial system
Opponents prove cases before impartial judge
What is the inquisitorial system
Judge actively investigates and decides case
What is original jurisdiction
Power to hear a case first time
What is appellate jurisdiction
Power to hear a case on appeal
What is civil jurisdiction
Power to hear civil disputes
What is criminal jurisdiction
Power to hear criminal cases
What is statute law
Law passed by parliament
Which holds greater authority statute or common law
Statute law
How many members in the House of Representatives
151
How many members in the Senate
76
What is delegated legislation
Laws made by non-parliamentary bodies
What is an enabling act
Law giving authority to make delegated legislation
One advantage of delegated legislation
Time saving for parliament
What is separation of powers
Each branch checks the others to protect rights
What is division of powers
Powers divided between federal and state governments
What are residual powers
Powers belonging solely to the states
Example of federal government power
Defence
Example of state government power
Public transport
What is state sovereignty
Supreme authority within a territory
Why might a country want sovereignty
Full control of internal and external affairs
What is private law
Law governing disputes between individuals
What is public law
Law governing disputes between state and citizens
Why is constitutional law public law
It concerns state powers and citizens rights