Chapter 17 Study Guide Medical Assistant Clincial Procedures

Aerobe

A microorganism that needs oxygen to live and grow

Anaerobe

A microorganism that grows best in the absence of oxygen

Cilia

Slender, hairlike projections attached to the epithelium of the respiratory tract that constantly beat in a wavelike motion to remove pathogens from the body

Hand Hygiene

The process of cleansing or sanitizing the hands

Infection

The condition in which the body or part of it is invaded by a pathogen

Medical Asepsis

Practices that are employed to inhibit the growth and hinder the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms to prevent the spread of infection

Microorganism

A microscopic plant or animal

Nonintact Skin

Skin that as a break in its surface

Nonpathogen

A microorganism that is harmless and does not cause disease

Opportunistic infection

An infection that takes advantage of an opportunity not normally available such as the weakened immune system of HIV-infected individual

Optimal Growth Temperature

The temperature at which an organism grows best

OPIM

Other Potentially Infectious Materials - body fluids, tissues, & organs from a human that can spread infection

Pathogen

A disease producing microorganism

Parenteral

Piercing of the skin barrier or mucous membrane, such as through needle sticks, human bites, cuts, and abrasions

Postexposure Prophylaxis

treatment administered to an individual after exposure to an infectious disease to prevent the disease

Regulated Medical Waste

Medical waste that may contain infectious materials posing a threat to health and safety

Resident Flora

Harmless nonpathogenic microorganisms that normally reside on the skin and usually do not cause disease

Transient Flora

Microorganism that reside on the superficial skin layers and are picked up in the course of daily activities

How does the infection cycle work?

Pathogens must be able to leave an infected individual and survive transmission in the environment and then enter a non infected individual where they grow and multiply

What are the requirements for microorganisms growth?

Proper Nutrition, Oxygen, Temperature, Darkness, Moisture, and pH

What are the benefits of alcohol-based hand rubs?

More accessible than sinks, does not require rinsing or handwashing with a towel, less time is required to perform hand hygiene, less damaging to the skin (dryness and irritation)

What is OSHA?

Occupational Safety and Health Administration

What are the components of the OSHA standards?

Required by the federal government to reduce exposure of employees to infectious diseases. Ex: Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

Exposure Control Plan

Labeling Requirements

Communication of Hazards to Employers

Record Keeping

What are the control measures required by OSHA and what are some examples?

Control Measures:

Engineering Controls - Safer Medical Devices

Work Practice Controls

Personal Protective Equipment

House keeping procedures

Hepatitis B Vaccination

Define HBV, HCV, HIV, and AIDS

HBV - Hepatitis B Virus

HCV - Hepatitis C Virus

HIV - Human Immunodeficiency Virus

AIDS - Aquired Immunodeficency Syndrome

What are the requirements for employers for HBV in health care settings?

Requires employers to offer the HBV series free of charge to all medical office personnel who have occupational exposure

What is RMW and how is if handled and exposed of?

RMW: Regulated Medical Waste

Put into biohazard waster containers with correct biohazard labeling and securely locked away from public areas