AP Art History Ultimate Guide (copy)

What is prehistoric art?

Art created by humans before the invention of writing, significant for understanding cultural and historical context.

What three contexts are important in understanding prehistoric art?

Cultural context, historical context, and environmental context.

What materials did prehistoric artists use for sculptures and tools?

Stone, bone, ivory, clay, and natural pigments.

What is the carving process in prehistoric art?

Involves using tools to shape materials like stone or bone into desired forms.

What is the shamanism theory of prehistoric art?

It suggests that prehistoric art was created by shamans to communicate with the spirit world.

What does the sympathetic magic theory suggest about prehistoric art?

That art was created to control the environment and attract animals for hunting.

What is the narrative theory of prehistoric art?

It posits that prehistoric art was used to tell stories of significant events.

What are the characteristics of culture in Egyptian art?

Highly stylized, symbolic representations focused on gods, pharaohs, and the afterlife.

What is the significance of the Great Hall of the Bulls?

It is a notable rock painting in Lascaux, France, depicting various animals and showcasing prehistoric artistry.

What is Stonehenge primarily believed to be?

An ancient structure possibly used for astronomy or ceremonial purposes by prehistoric peoples.

What is the main characteristic of the Mesoamerican civilizations' art?

Influenced by their religious beliefs and practices, often depicted in temples and ceremonial objects.

What purpose did the Jade Cong serve?

It was a ceremonial object believed to hold spiritual significance related to the afterlife.

What does the term 'cella' refer to in ancient architecture?

The main inner chamber of a temple where a deity was housed.

What was the function of the Anthropomorphic Stele?

It served a religious or burial purpose, possibly as a grave marker.

What type of art is identified with the Persian Empire?

Elaborate palaces and tombs, notably the architecture of Persepolis.

What does the 'Great Mosque' of Djenné represent?

A significant example of Sudano-Sahelian architecture and an important center for Islamic learning in Mali.

What did the Codex Hammurabi represent?

One of the earliest written law codes, symbolizing the rule of law in ancient Babylon.

In what context were Nio Guardian Figures used?

Placed at temple entrances as protectors to ward off evil spirits.

What is the cultural significance of the Kaaba in Mecca?

It is considered the most sacred site in Islam, central to the Hajj pilgrimage.

What does 'Ikenga' mean in Igbo culture?

A shrine figure symbolizing individual strength and achievement.

What is the primary function of the Olmec-style Mask?

Used as a ceremonial ornament, symbolizing status and religious significance.

What does the term 'spolia' refer to in architecture?

Reused building materials or decorative elements from older structures.

What does 'Machu Picchu' symbolize in Inca culture?

A royal estate and an expression of Inca architectural and agricultural ingenuity.

What can be inferred about the Great Serpent Mound?

It likely represents a sacred space related to serpent mythology and may align with astronomical events.

What is the function of the Staff God in Rarotongan culture?

It serves as a representation of gods, linking the spiritual and physical worlds during rituals.

How did the introduction of European materials affect Indigenous Americas art?

It led to new techniques and changes in traditional art forms, creating hybrid works.

What is 'Shibboleth' in reference to Doris Salcedo's artwork?

A term symbolizing cultural divides and the experiences of immigrants, represented through a large crack in the artwork.

What is the 'Golden Haggadah'?

An illuminated manuscript depicting Jewish Passover rituals and stories.

What does 'The Crossing' by Bill Viola emphasize?

The cycle of purification and destruction through powerful visual narratives.

What does 'Earth's Creation' by Emily Kame Kngwarreye represent?

The lushness of the Australian Outback following the rains, connecting to themes of nature and culture.

What's the feature of the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao?

Its swirling forms contrast with the industrial landscape and represent innovative architecture.

What does the term 'Feminism' signify in Contemporary Art?

The exploration of gender issues, representation, and women's experiences in art.

What was a key influence on Dada art?

A reaction against the horrors of World War I, reflecting disdain for traditional values.

What does 'Pink Panther' by Jeff Koons comment on?

Celebrity culture, commercialism, and the juxtaposition of art and kitsch.

What does 'Viva la Vida' by Diego Rivera represent?

The lush and colorful life in the painter's homage to traditional Mexican culture.

What thematic elements feature in 'The Scream' by Edvard Munch?

An expression of existential angst and emotional turmoil in modern society.