anatomy exam 4

damage to the trigger zone of a CNS neuron could result in

failure to propagate an action potential in the axon

a break in the distal radius is likely to affect the

pronator quadratus and decrease pronation

if a triceps muscle has three origins, then a ___ muscle would have four origins

quadriceps

morphine works by stimulating the same receptors as the opioid peptides. morphine must have effects similar to

endorphins

what muscle opens the upper eyelid

levator palpabrae superioris

based on origin and insertion, which of the muscles in the quadriceps femurs group crosses both hip and knee joint

rectus femoris

which muscle has its origin on the distal anterior surface of the humerus and the insertion on the ulnar tuberosity

brachialis

injury to an oligodendrocyte would cause

slower rate of action potential transmission in a neuron

which muscle is innervated by the median and ulnar nerves

flexor digitorum profundus

a baby is born with crossed eyes, the doctor suggests surgery, which muscle will be cut

medial rectus

which muscle’s insertion secures the patella in place

quadriceps femoris

endorphins are considered

inhibitory opioid peptide neurotransmitters

strychnine works by

binding to and blocking glycine receptors

which muscle is named because the shape of the muscle is diamond-shaped

rhomboid major

the antagonist muscle to the triceps brachia is the

biceps brachii

what would primarily be found in white matter in the spinal cord

myelinated axons

Your patient is having a sensory nerve conduction study to diagnose the reason that he does not perceive hot temperatures. The voltage used to stimulate the nerves starts small and grows larger until the desired response is elicited. If the voltage is too small to stimulate the sensory neuron to reach threshold, then _____ will be propagated in the nerve

no action potential

where do the inferior rectus, lateral rectus, and superior oblique muscles insert

the sclera of the eye

which muscle of mastication is involved in opening the mouth

the lateral pterygoid

the knee keeps collapsing into flexion when weight is placed on it, the nerve to which muscle is damaged

quadriceps femoris

closing the mouth to chew food involves which muscle

the massester

the radial nerve innervates

ancones, triceps brachii, brachioradialis

glutamate is considered an

excitatory small molecule neurotransmitter

elevating the scapula is the action that would help name which muscle

levator scapulae

Ionotropic acetylcholine receptors can also be stimulated by nicotine, the addictive ingredient in tobacco. Based on what you know of acetylcholine, which of the following is also true regarding the action of nicotine

nicotine can stimulate the influx of Na+ into a postsynaptic cell

if tyrosine levels in a CNS neuron were reduced, the synthesis of which molecules might also be reduced

dopamine

in which part of the neuron would the Nissl bodies be found

soma

In a game of “thumb war,” you first close the angle of your thumb, then open the angle and finally move your thumb away from your palm. In order, which muscles are used when performing those motions

flexor pollicis longuso extensor pollicis longus, abductor pollicis longus

Which of the following is true concerning the action of acetylcholine (ACh) in the neuromuscular junction

Ash release causes excitation and contraction of skeletal muscles

this muscle originates on the temporal bones and elevates and retracts the mandible

temporalis

Skeletal muscles that move the eyeballs are called _______ eye muscles

extrinsic

Based on the muscle's name, which statement explains the muscle's features

flexor carpi ulna’s— flexes the wrist and arises near the ulna

A neurotransmitter known as GABA stimulates a postsynaptic neuron to open channels that allow Cl^– influx. In this event, GABA is considered

inhibitory

The medial epicondyle is damaged and the nerve dorsal to it was injured. Which muscle would be affected

flexor carpi ulna’s

at the neuromuscular junction, the neurotransmitter acetylcholine is

excitatory

which muscle inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible

temporalalis

which muscle indicates fascicles that run perpendicular to the midline of the body in the abdominal wall

transversus abdominis

small molecule neurotransmitters include

acetylcholine, norepinephrine, and ATP

which muscle can flex the thigh at the coxal joint independently

rectus femoris

what gives gray matter its grayish color

nissl bodies

The point of insertion of the flexor digitorum superficialis tendon to the index finger is on the 

middle phalanx

which muscle is the only knee flexor that originates superior to the acetabulum

sartorius

what is not a biogenic amine

nitric oxide

Lateral epicondylitis, also known as “tennis elbow,” can be caused by strain on which muscle’s origin

extensor carpi radialis brevis