OAT Physics Cheat Sheet

Kinematics: velocity

v = v₀ + at

Kinematics: position

Δx = v₀t + ½at²

Kinematics: velocity-position

v² = v₀² + 2aΔx

Free fall acceleration

g = 9.8 m/s²

Newton's 2nd law

ΣF = ma

Weight

F_g = mg

Friction

f = μN

Spring force

F = kx

Centripetal acceleration

a_c = v²/r

Centripetal force

F_c = mv²/r

Work

W = Fd cosθ

Kinetic energy

K = ½mv²

Gravitational potential energy

U = mgh

Spring potential energy

U = ½kx²

Work-energy theorem

W_net = ΔK

Power

P = W/t

Momentum

p = mv

Impulse

J = FΔt = Δp

Conservation of momentum

Σp_initial = Σp_final

Torque

τ = rF sinθ

Rotational equilibrium

Στ = 0

Density

ρ = m/V

Pressure

P = F/A

Fluid pressure

P = ρgh

Buoyant force

F_B = ρVg

Continuity equation

A₁v₁ = A₂v₂

Bernoulli equation

P + ½ρv² + ρgh = constant

Heat

Q = mcΔT

Phase change

Q = mL

Ideal gas law

PV = nRT

Combined gas law

P₁V₁/T₁ = P₂V₂/T₂

Wave equation

v = fλ

Frequency

f = 1/T

Sound intensity

I = P/A

Coulomb's law

F = kq₁q₂/r²

Electric field

E = F/q = kq/r²

Electric potential

V = kq/r

Electric force

F = qE

Ohm's law

V = IR

Electric power

P = IV = I²R = V²/R

Electrical energy

E = Pt

Resistors in series

R_eq = R₁ + R₂ + …

Resistors in parallel

1/R_eq = 1/R₁ + 1/R₂ + …

Magnetic force

F = qvB sinθ

Magnetic force on wire

F = ILB sinθ

Magnetic flux

Φ = BA cosθ

Faraday's law

ε = −ΔΦ/Δt

Lens/mirror equation

1/f = 1/d_o + 1/d_i

Magnification

m = −d_i/d_o = h_i/h_o

Snell's law

n₁sinθ₁ = n₂sinθ₂

Index of refraction

n = c/v

Lens power

P = 1/f

Photon energy

E = hf = hc/λ

Mass-energy equivalence

E = mc²

de Broglie wavelength

λ = h/p

Gravitational force

F = Gm₁m₂/r²

Gravitational constant

G = 6.67 × 10⁻¹¹ N·m²/kg²

Speed of light

c = 3.00 × 10⁸ m/s

Coulomb constant

k = 8.99 × 10⁹ N·m²/C²

Planck's constant

h = 6.626 × 10⁻³⁴ J·s

Gas constant

R = 8.314 J/(mol·K)