Key Terms and Definitions in Communication Studies

studied byStudied by 13 people
5.0(1)
Get a hint
Hint

Civic Engagement

1 / 196

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

197 Terms

1

Civic Engagement

Active participation in public life and community affairs.

New cards
2

Rhetoric

The craft of public speaking.

New cards
3

Source

A person with an idea to express who creates and sends a message to receivers.

New cards
4

Message

The information conveyed by the speaker.

New cards
5

Encode

The process of converting thoughts into words and symbols.

New cards
6

Verbal Symbol

Words used to represent ideas.

New cards
7

Nonverbal Symbol

Gestures, facial expressions, and other forms of communication that do not use words.

New cards
8

Channel

The medium through which a message is transmitted.

New cards
9

Receiver

The person who processes a message to perceive its meaning.

New cards
10

Decode

The process of interpreting and making sense of a message.

New cards
11

Noise (Interference)

Any distraction that disrupts communication.

New cards
12

Transaction

The simultaneous sending and receiving of messages in communication.

New cards
13

Feedback

The response of the receiver that indicates whether the message was understood.

New cards
14

Shared Meaning

A common understanding with little confusion among speakers and listeners.

New cards
15

Gender Identity

A person's personal sense of their gender.

New cards
16

Nonbinary

A gender identity that does not fit within the traditional binary of male or female.

New cards
17

Ethnicity

A social construct that categorizes people based on shared cultural traits.

New cards
18

Cultural Background

The influences and experiences from one's cultural environment.

New cards
19

Critical Thinking

The ability to analyze and evaluate information effectively.

New cards
20

Freedom of Expression

The right to express one's thoughts and opinions freely.

New cards
21

Ethics

Moral principles that govern a person's behavior.

New cards
22

Classical Canons of Rhetoric

The five stages of creating a speech: invention, arrangement, style, memory, and delivery.

New cards
23

Invention

The process of developing arguments and ideas.

New cards
24

Arrangement

Organizing the speech in a coherent manner.

New cards
25

Style

A speaker's choice of language to express ideas.

New cards
26

Memory

The practice of memorizing the speech.

New cards
27

Delivery

The manner in which a speech is presented.

New cards
28

Audience Analysis

The process of learning about the audience's interests and backgrounds.

New cards
29

Topic

The subject of the speech.

New cards
30

Rhetorical Purpose

The intended goal of a speech, such as to inform or persuade.

New cards
31

Thesis Statement

A single sentence that summarizes the main point or claim of the speech.

New cards
32

Main Point

The primary ideas or arguments of the speech.

New cards
33

Supporting Material

Evidence and examples that back up the main points.

New cards
34

Brainstorming

A technique for generating ideas.

New cards
35

Research

The process of gathering information on a topic.

New cards
36

Citation

A reference to a source of information.

New cards
37

Outline

A structured plan for a speech.

New cards
38

Body

The main section of the speech where the content is presented.

New cards
39

Subpoint

A secondary idea that supports a main point.

New cards
40

Subordination

The principle of making one idea secondary to another in an outline.

New cards
41

Introduction

The opening section of a speech that captures the audience's attention.

New cards
42

Conclusion

The closing section of a speech that summarizes the main points.

New cards
43

Transition

Words or phrases that connect different parts of a speech.

New cards
44

Word Choice (Diction)

The selection of words in a speech.

New cards
45

Presentation Aid

Materials used to enhance understanding and retention of the message.

New cards
46

Extemporaneous Delivery

A speaking style that involves rehearsed but not memorized delivery.

New cards
47

Mediated Presentation

A speech that uses technology to reach the audience.

New cards
48

Speech Anxiety (Stage Fright)

The nervousness experienced before giving a speech.

New cards
49

Imagined Interaction

A mental rehearsal of communication scenarios.

New cards
50

Visualization

The process of picturing a successful speech to reduce anxiety.

New cards
51

Relaxation Strategy

Techniques to reduce tension before speaking.

New cards
52

Ethical Absolutism

The belief that certain actions are always right or wrong, regardless of context.

New cards
53

Situational Ethics

The belief that ethical behavior can vary based on the situation.

New cards
54

Culturally Relative

The idea that values and ethics are determined by cultural context.

New cards
55

Ethical Speech

Speech that adheres to ethical standards.

New cards
56

Legally Protected Speech

Speech that is safeguarded by law, such as freedom of speech.

New cards
57

Half-Truth

A statement that contains some element of truth but is misleading.

New cards
58

False Inference

A conclusion drawn from evidence that is not supported.

New cards
59

Taking Evidence Out of Context

Misrepresenting information by not considering the surrounding circumstances.

New cards
60

Omission

Leaving out relevant information.

New cards
61

Plagiarism

The presentation of another person's words or ideas as one's own.

New cards
62

Paraphrasing

Rewording someone else's ideas while maintaining the original meaning.

New cards
63

Common Knowledge

Information that is widely accepted and known by the public.

New cards
64

Fallacious Reasoning

Flawed logic or reasoning.

New cards
65

Hasty Generalization

Making a conclusion based on insufficient evidence.

New cards
66

Post Hoc Fallacy

An error in reasoning that incorrectly states that one event causes another.

New cards
67

Ad Hominem (Personal Attack) Fallacy

Attacking the person making an argument rather than the argument itself.

New cards
68

Ad Populum (Bandwagon) Fallacy

Arguing that something is true because it is popular.

New cards
69

Ethical Audience

An audience that critically evaluates the ethical implications of a message.

New cards
70

Hearing

The physiological process of perceiving sound.

New cards
71

Listening

The active process of making meaning from sound.

New cards
72

Processing

Thinking about the meaning of the verbal and nonverbal components of a message.

New cards
73

Retention

The ability to remember what one has heard.

New cards
74

Action-Oriented Listening

Listening that focuses on taking action based on the message.

New cards
75

Content-Oriented Listening

Listening that emphasizes understanding the message in depth.

New cards
76

People-Oriented Listening

Listening that focuses on understanding and supporting the speaker.

New cards
77

Time-Oriented Listening

Listening that prioritizes time efficiency in communication.

New cards
78

Unprocessed Note Taking

Writing down information without filtering or understanding it.

New cards
79

Nonlistening

Failing to engage in the listening process.

New cards
80

Interruptive Listening

Listening that involves interrupting the speaker, often to take control of the conversation.

New cards
81

Agenda-Driven Listening

Listening that focuses on achieving a specific goal rather than understanding the speaker.

New cards
82

Argumentative Listening

Listening with the intent to critique or oppose the speaker's viewpoint.

New cards
83

Nervous Listening

Listening that involves anxiety or discomfort during communication.

New cards
84

Interactive Listening

Engaging with the speaker through feedback and questions.

New cards
85

External Noise

Environmental distractions that interfere with listening.

New cards
86

Internal Noise

Psychological distractions that interfere with the listening process.

New cards
87

Audience Surveillance

The process of monitoring audience reactions and feedback.

New cards
88

Defeated Listening

Listening that results in a feeling of helplessness or frustration.

New cards
89

Superficial Listening

Listening that only involves surface-level understanding without deep engagement.

New cards
90

Speech Critique

An assessment of a speech's effectiveness and quality.

New cards
91

Constructive Criticism

Feedback that is helpful and aimed at improving performance.

New cards
92

Situational Characteristics

The context of a speech, including the audience, setting, and time.

New cards
93

Audience Size

The number of people in the audience, which can affect delivery and engagement.

New cards
94

Presentation Time

The duration allotted for the speech.

New cards
95

Body Clock (Chronemics)

The study of how time affects communication.

New cards
96

Location (Forum)

The physical space where the speech takes place.

New cards
97

Stationary Audience

An audience that remains in one place during a presentation.

New cards
98

Mobile Audience

An audience that is moving or may not be fully attentive.

New cards
99

Demographics

Statistical data about the audience, including age, gender, and cultural background.

New cards
100

Age

The demographic characteristic based on how old the audience members are.

New cards

Explore top notes

note Note
studied byStudied by 250 people
... ago
5.0(3)
note Note
studied byStudied by 38 people
... ago
5.0(3)
note Note
studied byStudied by 21 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 6 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 15 people
... ago
4.5(2)
note Note
studied byStudied by 7 people
... ago
5.0(1)
note Note
studied byStudied by 139 people
... ago
5.0(2)

Explore top flashcards

flashcards Flashcard (34)
studied byStudied by 1 person
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (23)
studied byStudied by 5 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (242)
studied byStudied by 22 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (47)
studied byStudied by 4 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (20)
studied byStudied by 18 people
... ago
5.0(2)
flashcards Flashcard (110)
studied byStudied by 2 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (26)
studied byStudied by 15 people
... ago
5.0(1)
flashcards Flashcard (62)
studied byStudied by 1167 people
... ago
5.0(1)
robot