Microscopic Structures of Small Intestine

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8 Terms

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Circular folds/ plicae circulares

increase surface area for absorption and slow chyme movement. Most prominent in duodenum and jejunum

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villi

finger like projections of mucosa

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microvilli

form the brush border and dramatically increase surface area

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epithelium

simple columnar with goblet cells and absorptive enterocytes. Goblet cells secrete mucus for lubrication and protection

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Lymphoid tissue (GALT)

prominent in the ileum, forms Peyer’s patches

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Peyer’s patches

early immune defense but can also be an entry point for pathogens

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Lacteals

specialized lymphatic capillaries that absorb lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins

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Intestinal glands

invaginiations in the mucosa with goblet cells, enteroendocrine cells, and enteropeptidase-secreting cells