5.04 Social Situations: Intrapersonal Factors

social roles

The expected behaviors of a person in a given setting or group.

How social roles influence us

1. Expectations

2. Identity formation

3. Norms and values

4. Socialization

5. Social influence

6. Cognitive processes

7. Self-Concept/Self-Esteem

expectations

social roles with certain ___ regarding how individuals should behave in certain situations

Ex) a person in a leadership role may feel compelled to exhibit confidence and decisiveness

identity formation

social roles contribute to the formation of a personal identity.

Norms and values

social roles are often associated with specific norms and values that guide behavior within a particular context.

Socialization

individuals learn and internalize societal expectations through interactions with others.

Cognitive process

influence cognitive processes such as perception, attention, and memory.

Self-concept + self esteem

social roles contribute to the development of self-concept and self-esteem.

Conformity

the tendency of individuals to adjust their behavior, attitudes, and beliefs to align with those of a majority group or the prevailing social norms.

Obedience

Involves compliance with direct commands or orders from (legitimate or perceived) authority figures, even if they conflict with personal beliefs or morals.

What two things can influence the degree of obedience?

Cultural norms and situational factors.

False consensus effect

a cognitive bias wherein individuals tend to overestimate the extent to which others share their beliefs, attitudes, opinions, or behaviors.

Assumption of universality

individuals may mistakenly believe that their own preferences, values, or behaviors are typical or “normal”, expect others to think or act similarly.

Confirmation bias

False consensus effect can reinforce existing belief by leading individuals to interpret others’ behaviors as validating their own.

Social influence (false consensus effect)

False consensus effect influences social interactions by shaping expectations of how others will respond to certain situations or stimuli.

Conflict resolution

situations of disagreement or conflict, the false consensus effect can hinder effective communication and compromise.

Group polarization

The false consensus effect can contribute to the phenomenon of group polarization, wherein individuals within a group become more extreme in their views following discussions with like-minded others.

Decision making

the false consensus effect can lead individuals to overestimate the popularity or success of their preferred options.