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Unit 3 Test Review: Weathering, Erosion, and The Rock Cycle Using your notes, create a study strategy for: FL Karst Geologic Features/Vocab (Karst Topography and importance to Florida, limestone, cave, stalactite, stalagmite, sinkhole, spring, aquifer, importance of the Everglades) Mountains (formation and what the mountain looks like for each type of mountain - folded mountain, dome mountain, fault mountain, fault-block mountain) Volcanoes (central vent, fissure/side vent, crater, magma chamber, volcanic bombs, ash cloud, lava flow, cone, lava, vent, volcano) Multiple Choice, True/False, Short Answer, Label Diagrams (Rock Cycle, Volcano)
What are the four types of mountains?
Folded, Dome, Fault, and Fault-Block
What is the difference between a stalagmite and a stalactite?
Stalactites are on the ceiling of caves, stalagmites are on the ground
What is karst topography?
A type of landscape filled with porous rock where the dissolving of bedrock created characteristic features (sinkholes, caves, springs, etc)
How is karst topography important to Florida?
Limestone forms karst topography and limestone is the foundation of Florida because Florida used to be a shallow sea filled with dead marine life & layers built up, forming limestone.
What is limestone?
A carbonate sedimentary rock made of calcite and aragonite
How does limestone form?
Florida used to be a shallow sea filled with dead marine life and layers built up, forming limestone; the accumulation of shells from sea creatures
How does a folded mountain form?
Plates slowly collide, crust folds and crumbles, layers of rock compress from opposite sides
How does a dome mountain form?
Molten rock inside the Earth pushes up on the crust, creating a landform with a rounded shape
How does a fault mountain form?
Land on one side of a fault in the Earth's crust is uplifted or tilted because of compression along a fault
How does a fault-block mountain form?
Crust undergoes extension or is stretched, crustal blocks move along normal faults, huge blocks of Earth's crust move up or down along a fault
What does a folded mountain look like?
Steep on both sides
What does a dome mountain look like?
Has a rounded shape
What does a fault mountain look like?
One side is steep and the other side is gradual
What does a fault-block mountain look like?
Flat on top, steep on sides
Why is the Everglades important to Florida?
Provides drinking water for 8 million Floridians, protects communities from natural disasters, supports Florida's 1.2B fishing industry
What is a sinkhole?
A hole in the ground caused by a collapse of the surface layer; also called a doline
What is a cave?
A natural opening in the ground with a hallow space beneath the surface
What does a mountain have to have to be considered a mountain?
Elevation
What is a spring?
A natural outflow of groundwater that emerges naturally at the ground surface
What is an aquifer?
A package of rocks and sediment that provide water in enough quantities to be economically useful to society
What is a bluff?
A broad, rounded cliff that borders a coastal areal formed through erosion, sea spray, and crashing waves
What is a waterfall?
A river's steep fall over a rocky ledge into a plunge pool below; formed as streams flow from soft to hard rock
Central vent
The main pathway in the center of a volcano, which lava flows upward
Fissure/side vent
A large crack inside the volcano through which lava can flow.
Crater
A bowl-shaped area that forms around a volcano's central opening
Magma chamber
A space below ground filled with magma
Volcanic bombs
Large blobs of magma that harden in the air
Ash cloud
A cloud of ash that forms in the air after some volcanic eruptions
Lava flow
the spread of lava as it pours out of a volcano's vent
Volcanic cone
A structure inside of the volcano built up of ash and lava from previous eruptions
Lava
Liquid magma that reaches the surface
Magma
Molten rock beneath the earth's surface
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Lava is magma outside of the volcano, while magma is the one inside.
Volcano vent
The opening in the earth that volcanic materials get erupted from
Volcano
a mountain or hill having a crater or vent through which lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas are being or have been erupted from the earth's crust.
How does igneous rock turn into sediments?
weathering and erosion
How does sediment turn into sedimentary rock?
compaction and cementation
How does sedimentary rock turn into sediments?
weathering and erosion
How does sedimentary rock turn into metamorphic rock?
heat and pressure
How does metamorphic rock turn into magma?
melting
How does magma turn into igneous rock?
cooling
How does igneous rock turn into magma?
melting
How does metamorphic rock turn into sediments?
weathering and erosion
How does igneous rock turn into metamorphic rock?
heat and pressure
Note 
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