39,38,37,16,18,17,ad 7!

39

• niti material and stainless steel features again

  • CLASSIFY BY TECHNIQE OF MANIFUCATIRE!

  • what gives it the 4 points of contact - k file?

• working techniqe of k file?

• triagnel and what shape for reamer is WHICH ISO?er working t

• echnqiue?FOR REAMER REDO !!!

niti = shape memory + more flexile

stainless steel = more flex, more RESISTANT TO FRACTURE, and more corosion resistent

• technique = hand twisted: k file. k reamer. milled = hed strom, niti FLEX!!

• quadrangular cross secrion

• - insert PARALLEL TO LONG AAXIAS OF TOOTH + PUSH PULL - can do cimrcuferential filing (on each wwall eg buccal, lingual, mesial distal)
  can also use files in watch winding, or baanced force

• quadranfular, 6 to 40 is quad, 45 to 140 is triangle

• insert passively, ROTATE so at 90 degrees to denitni, then rotate (90 degrees) while withdrawing → cutting occurs here

39:

hybdrirf instruments are:made from,ey have chan thges in, ey are for:

• manual instruments with standard 0.02 taper itegrate struc and funct traits from K files, k reaers, h files

• modificatiosn in CROSS SECTION, MATERIAL, TUP DESIGN (CMT)

• imrpoves cutting and efficiency, and flexivility and safety

39 - hybrids. toincluide are just:

• rhomboidal cross section increases flexibility when? and also does what? - in k flex.

• cross section varies progressively with what? in niti hand files?

• GT blades are what to length?

• DO COLOUR CODING AGAIN

• FUNCTION?

• for barbed broach at the end what cant you foreget?

barbed broach is onlyon viteal and what pulp

• in larger sizeds, reduces core mass

• with SIZR

• length DECREASES as taper increases

• gt = produced by MILLING.

• WYRB - SHES WEIRD - .6 TO 12 AS NORMAL

• SHAPING IN CURVED CANALS

• sodium hypochlroite.

• INFLAMD !

38 -

• in cleaning do the intruents again (in the classifictaion part) whats M?

• its not D10 but …

• size aain! what units on the right side part?

• do the uneven percentage increase eagain

• FORGOT TO INLCUDE MATERIALS

• features of niti maerial

• niti flex??

reamers - what kinds

• hand instruments:

• 0.02 = CLASSIC, HYBRID. THEN also greater taper in cleaning HAND ISNTR

THEN machine = osc / rot

• its D1!!

• Sizes 06–10 → +0.02 mm

• Sizes 10–60 → +0.05 mm

• Sizes 60–140 → +0.10 mm

• neven percentage increases:

  • #10 → #15 = +50%

  • #50 → #55 = +10%

  • ---

    -C. Nickel-Titanium (NiTi) - MIRLES

    • Extremely flexible

    • Ideal for curved canals

    • Resistant to fracture

    • Manufacturing:
      → Micromachined (NOT twisted)

    • Clinical advantage:

      • Safer shaping

      • Less canal transportation

  • - FORGOT NITIFLEX = variable core for strenght and flexibility

  • ---

    reamers = trad (triagngele)

  • quadrangular = K REAMER

  • fleoreamer (saeme things as flexofile - TSR)

  • Traditional Reamers: Twisted triangular wire, fewer spirals than files.

    Designed for rotation (quarter-turn) rather than filing.

    K-Reamers: Quadrangular cross-section (sizes <40); triangular (>40).

    Flexoreamers: Triangular section, rounded tip - safer in curved canals. ( sae as flexofile>??)

16 -

forgot what

• liners /bases all + indications etc + features at the end + thickness requirements!!!!

• modenr methods of protection?

• bonding aents to preserve dentin and seal tubyles

which properties did you fr=orget in ESSAY 17

• CSO - whats the S

4. Medico-Biological Requirements

• Biocompatible:

  • Non-toxic

  • Non-irritant

• Resistant to bacterial leakage

• Chemically stable in oral environment

• Does not interfere with pulp healing

DONT BE RESISTANT CHILD

17 IS A REISTANT ESSAY - NEVER GOT IN MY HEAD

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🔹 5. Mechanical Requirements

• High compressive strength

• High tensile strength

• Wear resistance

• Dimensional stability

• Good adhesion or retention

• Polishability (important for esthetics)

WE HAVE HIGH GD

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• CERAMICS = CSO (THE C = CRYSTALLINE ETC

37 -

• put barbed broach in by how much

• ris of barbed braoch

• for narrow canals use what suize k file>

yk botho those

and then 20-25 minimum. forapical size.

in fdi, 1 and 4 are?

the lines of the quadrants in palers are positioned how?

• for UNIVERSAL NUMBERING, WHAT IS IT FOR KIDS?

• FOR FDI - for kids decscribe: which are right for 5678?

palmers - come back to

for UNIVERSAL NUMBERING, WHAT IS IT FOR KIDS?

• A TO T!! ITS A TO J (START FROM UPPER PRIMARY RIGHT 2ND MOALR) THEN K TO T (LEF TTO RIGHT)

• 5678 are the quadrants

• 5,8

• 1 - 5 for the quadratns!

lateral inciosr shape upper?

upper first molar location?

first premolar location upper?

first mand molar shape??

first two locations for central and incsior are…

how many pulp horns for 2nd and molar?

ovoid, rounded

underlying central pit (mb cups side)

centtred, close to buccal cusp

RECTANGLE or trapeziu,

same - CENTRED or slightly labial to centre

4

speed in the three tapers table?

forgot in table: speed, cutting efficeincy, and what was the other C?

300 rpm torque controlled

high, high less engagement, less aggressive

canal type straight, curved, even more

essay 2

• CSM - WHAT ELSE

• forgot what about the cavity?

• preperation of the cavity:

• critical - affaects seal, retention and strength of final restoration

• ideally for amalgam 90 degrees is preferred

• for adhesive restorations, a bevel may be added

• THE WALLS!!

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PREPARATION = mechanical alteration of a DISEASED OR DEFECTIVE TOOTH to restore form, function, asethtics. - rp refa

• REMOVE DEFEECTIVE + FRIABLE TOOTH STRUCTURE

• prevent: progression of caries, sensitivty, pain, fracture of tooth or rest

• REMOVE ALL DEFECTS AND PROVIDE necessary pulp protection

• extend restoration as conservativelty as possible

• form the tooth prep so it will have resistance/retention

• allow for restoration to be FUNCTIONALLY AND ESTHETICALLY placed

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medication

• biologicAL MANAEMENT OF PULP → CRUCIAL WHEN DENTIN LAYER ABOVE PULP IS THIN AFTER CARIES RMOVAL

• liners/bases usually not necessary, but when Rdt IS THIN, HEAT can result in XYZ. so use air water spray coolant w HIGH SPEED ROT INST

• then include liners/bases/ thickness abd cleaning unsoecting and sealing: the 3 disinfectants from essay 16, and their requirements.

• then properties table down the side:

• SEAMFS

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obtruration you know

operative:

• art and science of PTD of a tooth defect that does NOT require full coverage restoration → to restore for, function and aesthetics. FOCUSES ON restoring VITALITY, INTEGRITY of teeth, and makign sure theure in harmonoous releationship with adjacent hard and soft tissue!! enhancing general welfare and health of pateient.