IPS1: Inorganic Chemistry Part 1 - Fundamentals - (A2) Atoms and It's Electronic Structure

Proverbs 16:3

Atom

the smallest unit that retains the properties of an element

fundamental unit of matter

Dalton's theory

all matter is composed of atoms and these cannot be made or destroyed

Atomic structure

Fundamental particles of matter

Electron

Proton

Neutron

Electron

(e-)

mass: 0.00054858 amu

charge: 1-

Proton

p or p+

mass: 1.0073 amu

charge: 1+

Nuetron

n or n°

mass: 1.0087 amu

charge: none

Atomic number (Z)

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom that determines its identity

Mass number (A)

sum of the number of proton and the number of neutrons in its nucleus

Mass number

proton + neutron

atomic number + neutron

Isotopes

atoms of the same element with different masses

atoms containing the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

Isotope example

Nuclide symbol

represent the composition of the nucleus

Nuclide symbol

Carbon-12

98.9% of carbon exist as what isotope

Carbon-13

1.1% of carbon exist as what isotope

Carbon-14

< 0.0001%

Isobars

same mass numbers

Isotones

same number of neutrons

Atomic weight

weighted average of masses (mass number) of all isotopes of an element

fractional numbers not integers

Pure subtances

copper wire and water are

Endothermic process

Melting is what process?