Chem 1AL Lab Final

What are the 4 sequential steps to calculate the mass of product gas released from a given mass of reactant (airbag mass questions)?

1. Convert the # of grams they give you into moles

2. Multiply by mole fraction

3. Convert answer in moles to grams.

What is the definition and mathematical formula for Atom Economy?

Ester Group

One double bond C=O, attached to two sites with OR and R

Amine

N attached to 3 R’s.

How do you distinguish between an alcohol and an ether functional group when reading a complex chemical structure?

• Alcohol (Hydroxyl): Contains an -OH group bound directly to a carbon.

• Ether: Contains an oxygen bridging two carbons.

How do the carbon chains / nonpolar backbone contribute to Clarithromycin's persistence in the environment?

They make the molecule hydrophobic (low water solubility). This causes it to sorb (bind tightly) to organic matter, soils, and sewage sludge, shielding it from photolysis and microbial degradation.

How do ether linkages and the tertiary amine contribute to environmental persistence?

The positive charge causes strong electrostatic binding to negatively charged clay and soil minerals.

What does LD₅₀ mean?

What are the 2 main steps to calculate the mass of a solution containing some % toxin needed to reach LD₅₀?

1. Calculate Total Mass: LD50 x mass = total mass

2. Total Mixture Mass: mass of oil x percentage = total mass

3. Solve for mass of oil

When an exam asks, "Would you recommend using this reaction for [a practical application]?", what 2 elements must you include in your explanation for full credit?

Overall, what is on this exam?